Impact of histological material fixation on the results of immunohistochemistry



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Abstract

A common method of tissue fixation is the fixation in formalin. This fixing method is related to the chemical transformations of molecules and may influence the stability of their epitopes. The extent of this impact is aggravated by prolonged tissue stay in the fixative. To standardize the result of research, it should thus be standardized length of tissue fixation. The allowable fixation delay after the separation of tissue from a circulatory system also must be limited. However, in the modern time, the new requirements for the time to result and preservation of the molecular composition in the tissue leads to introducing of new technologies and fixing reagents into the practice There is a trend to move to coagulating fixatives, based on the various alcohols. The impact of such reactives on biomolecules in general is gentler. The feature of the protein antigens as an object of study is a high diversity of chemical structure that dictates the necessity for an individualized approach to development of immunohistochemical staining protocol including factors that the tissue meets before the staining procedure. Such optimization procedure is carried out mainly empirical. Existi ng immunohistochemical tests are adapted for the formalin-fixed tissue, and their use after the fixation in other conditions requires preliminary studies for protocol adaptation and optimization

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A. N Vaganova

«BioVitrum» Со. Ltd. Saint-Petersburg, Russia

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