The effect of HSP70 overexpression on the cerebral cortex development
- Authors: Mitina N.N.1,2, Ambrozkevich M.K.3, Motorina A.O.1,2, Tarabykin V.S.3
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Affiliations:
- Institute of Neurosciences, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin
- Issue: Vol 18, No 4 (2023)
- Pages: 516-519
- Section: Conference proceedings
- URL: https://genescells.ru/2313-1829/article/view/623469
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/gc623469
- ID: 623469
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Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) make up a large family of molecular chaperones, recognized for their role in protein maturation, refolding, and degradation. HSP70 was shown to promote cell survival during several pathological processes in the brain, such as stroke, neurodegenerative diseases, epilepsy, and trauma [1]. In addition, HSPs serve to promote the proper embryonic and postnatal development of many organ systems, such as the central nervous system [2]. Heat shock proteins demonstrate specific expression patterns throughout the development of the nervous system, notably during crucial embryonic and postnatal moments [1].
During embryonic development, neural and glial progenitors must survive within a hypoxic microenvironment while performing energetically demanding actions, such as cell migration and neurite outgrowth. HSPs can activate or inhibit development pathways in the nervous system that modulate cell differentiation, neurite outgrowth, cell migration, or angiogenesis [1].
Indeed, recent studies demonstrated that HSP70 directly regulates the development of the nervous system by modulating signaling cascades involved in cell growth and migration [3]. Additionally, research demonstrated [4] that introducing HSP70 from an external source significantly augments the populations of proliferating cells and differentiated neuroblasts within the mouse hippocampus. Nevertheless, some researchers [1] contend that overexpression of HSPs may negatively impact cell survival. Therefore, the precise role of these chaperones remains largely unexplored.
In our study, we used in utero electroporation to introduce plasmids that controlled HSP70 overexpression into neuron progenitors of mouse embryos on the 14th day of gestation. Additionally, plasmid DNA encoding GFP was used to facilitate subsequent visualization of transformed cells. Brain samples were collected on the 18th day of gestation for immunohistochemical analysis of the sections. Confocal microscopy was used to compare the characteristics of neuronal migration in both control and HSP70 overexpression conditions.
Cells that received plasmids inducing HSP70 were discovered to migrate at a lower pace in comparison to the control. Additionally, it is hypothesized that the induction of HSP70 expression could lead to neuronal malformations and impact the development of neurites.
In the future, the study of cytoarchitectonics in the cortex will continue, examining the identification of electroporated cells in individual neuron populations using Satb2 and Ctip2 markers. Additionally, the differentiation of these cells will be assessed by counting those that have not exited the mitotic cycle, and the hypothesis of apoptosis induction in cells electroporated with HSP70 will be tested.
Keywords
Full Text
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) make up a large family of molecular chaperones, recognized for their role in protein maturation, refolding, and degradation. HSP70 was shown to promote cell survival during several pathological processes in the brain, such as stroke, neurodegenerative diseases, epilepsy, and trauma [1]. In addition, HSPs serve to promote the proper embryonic and postnatal development of many organ systems, such as the central nervous system [2]. Heat shock proteins demonstrate specific expression patterns throughout the development of the nervous system, notably during crucial embryonic and postnatal moments [1].
During embryonic development, neural and glial progenitors must survive within a hypoxic microenvironment while performing energetically demanding actions, such as cell migration and neurite outgrowth. HSPs can activate or inhibit development pathways in the nervous system that modulate cell differentiation, neurite outgrowth, cell migration, or angiogenesis [1].
Indeed, recent studies demonstrated that HSP70 directly regulates the development of the nervous system by modulating signaling cascades involved in cell growth and migration [3]. Additionally, research demonstrated [4] that introducing HSP70 from an external source significantly augments the populations of proliferating cells and differentiated neuroblasts within the mouse hippocampus. Nevertheless, some researchers [1] contend that overexpression of HSPs may negatively impact cell survival. Therefore, the precise role of these chaperones remains largely unexplored.
In our study, we used in utero electroporation to introduce plasmids that controlled HSP70 overexpression into neuron progenitors of mouse embryos on the 14th day of gestation. Additionally, plasmid DNA encoding GFP was used to facilitate subsequent visualization of transformed cells. Brain samples were collected on the 18th day of gestation for immunohistochemical analysis of the sections. Confocal microscopy was used to compare the characteristics of neuronal migration in both control and HSP70 overexpression conditions.
Cells that received plasmids inducing HSP70 were discovered to migrate at a lower pace in comparison to the control. Additionally, it is hypothesized that the induction of HSP70 expression could lead to neuronal malformations and impact the development of neurites.
In the future, the study of cytoarchitectonics in the cortex will continue, examining the identification of electroporated cells in individual neuron populations using Satb2 and Ctip2 markers. Additionally, the differentiation of these cells will be assessed by counting those that have not exited the mitotic cycle, and the hypothesis of apoptosis induction in cells electroporated with HSP70 will be tested.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Funding sources. The study was funded by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (project No. FSWR-2023-0029).
Authors' contribution. All authors made a substantial contribution to the conception of the work, acquisition, analysis, interpretation of data for the work, drafting and revising the work, and final approval of the version to be published and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.
Competing interests. The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
About the authors
N. N. Mitina
Institute of Neurosciences, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod; Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Author for correspondence.
Email: Turyginanatasha@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod; Tomsk
M. K. Ambrozkevich
Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Email: Turyginanatasha@yandex.ru
Germany, Berlin
A. O. Motorina
Institute of Neurosciences, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod; Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Email: Turyginanatasha@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod; Tomsk
V. S. Tarabykin
Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Email: Turyginanatasha@yandex.ru
Germany, Berlin
References
- David JM, Patrice EF. Heat Shock Proteins Regulatory Role in Neurodevelopment. Frontiers in Neuroscience. 2018;12:821. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00821
- Loones MT, Chang Y, Morange M. The Distribution of Heat Shock Proteins in the Nervous System of the Unstressed Mouse Embryo Suggests a Role in Neuronal and Non-Neuronal Differentiation. Cell Stress & Chaperones. 2002;5(4):291–305. doi: 10.1379/1466-1268(2000)005<0291:tdohsp>2.0.co;2
- Barreca MM, Spinello W, Cavalieri V, et al. Extracellular Hsp70 enhances mesoangioblast migration via an autocrine signaling pathway. Journal of Cellular Physiology. 2017;232(7):1845–1861. doi: 10.1002/jcp.25722
- Kwon HJ, Kim W, Jung HY, et al. Heat shock protein 70 increases cell proliferation, neuroblast differentiation, and the phosphorylation of CREB in the hippocampus. Laboratory Animal Research. 2019;35:21. doi: 10.1186/s42826-019-0020-2
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