Clinical importance of maternal microchimerism in children



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Abstract

Bilateral exchange with blood cells and cell-free substances
between a mother and a fetus and visa verse routinely occurs
during normal pregnancy. A term of microchimerism (MC)
implies a few number of cells (or DNA) detected in a child and/
or a mother which primarily originated in a genetically different
individual. Whereas MC might result from iatrogenic exposure
on an organism such as transplantation or transfusion, the
main source of MC is a naturally acquired condition as a
result of transplacental interactions between a mother and
a fetus during pregnancy. The present interest to MC can
be explained by many reasons. During pregnancy fetal cells
can be found in a mothers blood in prenatal diagnostics.
Moreover, investigation of fetal MC might elucidate some
complications due to pregnancy such as preeclampsia, or
give a new insight into pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases
such as rheumatoid arthritis, whose clinical manifestation
subsides during pregnancy. Furthermore, it is known at
present that MC retains for a long time after a child delivery
where it occurs both with fetal MC acquired by the woman
during pregnancy and with maternal MC in her descendants.
Investigations of long-term effects of fetal and maternal MC
is a novel, active research, its results indicate both favourable
and unfavourable long-term effects of MC.
The present article is a review of available data on maternal
or, to be more precise, maternal-fetal microchimerism and
described or experimentally proposed its consequences.

About the authors

A G Rumyantsev

Federal State Research Center of Children Hematology, Oncology and Immunologyof the RF Ministry of Health and Social Development

Federal State Research Center of Children Hematology, Oncology and Immunologyof the RF Ministry of Health and Social Development

M A Kurtser

Russian State N.I.Pirogov Medical University

Russian State N.I.Pirogov Medical University

Yu B Mareeva

Federal State Research Center of Children Hematology, Oncology and Immunologyof the RF Ministry of Health and Social Development

Federal State Research Center of Children Hematology, Oncology and Immunologyof the RF Ministry of Health and Social Development

A V Misyurin

Federal State Research Center of Children Hematology, Oncology and Immunologyof the RF Ministry of Health and Social Development

Federal State Research Center of Children Hematology, Oncology and Immunologyof the RF Ministry of Health and Social Development

S A Rumyantsev

Federal State Research Center of Children Hematology, Oncology and Immunologyof the RF Ministry of Health and Social Development

Federal State Research Center of Children Hematology, Oncology and Immunologyof the RF Ministry of Health and Social Development

A Yu Ustyugov

Federal State Research Center of Children Hematology, Oncology and Immunologyof the RF Ministry of Health and Social Development

Federal State Research Center of Children Hematology, Oncology and Immunologyof the RF Ministry of Health and Social Development

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