Vol 3, No 4 (2008)

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a autoimmune disease, due to developing inflammatory focuses of demyelination in the Central Nervous System. T-cell vaccination is a treatment method aimed at stimulating the antiidiotype, immune reactions that are capable of inactivating idiotype, self-reactive lymphocytes. The experimental and clinical data presented in this review indicate that the mechanism of influencing the T-cell vaccination on the MS-causing, autoimmune process includes 4 components: 1) generation of antiidiotypic, CD8⁺, cytotoxic T-lymphocytes; 2) generation of antiidiotypic CD4⁺ T-helper cells of 2 and 3 type; 3) stimulation of functionality of CD4⁺, CD25⁺ regulatory T cells; and 4) induction of synthesizing antiidiotypic antibodies. The published data suggest expediency of applying T-cell vaccination in the treatment for MS and other autoimmune diseases.

A family of extensions! implants with different composition was designed for reparative osteogenesis. The implants are made of a resorblng polymer of the hydroxybutyric acid (poly-3- hydroxybutyrate), a composition of this polymer with hydroxylapatite, and combination of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate with the recombinant human morphogenetic bone protein-2 (BMP-2). The properties of the implants developed were studied in experimental animals with segmental osteotomy in comparison with standard materials used in stomatology. Reconstructive osteogenesis has been shown to be active in all the implants containing poly-3-hydroxybutyrate as a main component. Poly-3- hydroxybutyrate itself as well as its compositions with hydroxylapatite and a morphogenetic protein BMP-2 have marked osteoplastic properties, degrade in vivo slowly and adequately to the growth of new bone tissue, promoting reparative osteogenesis.

The regularities of reparative regeneration of corneal stratified epithelium to be taken into consideration when developing new remedial treatments have been revealed in a rabbit model damage. The epithelium was removed from the entire cornea surface in all the animals. Then the animals were divided into four groups. In the first (control) group the growth zone of the limb was not damaged. In the 2"^d group the limb growth zone its was ablated/ excised/ dissected in one third of its circle, while in the 3^rd and 4^th groups the limb growth zone was dissected in S and 2/3 of the limbal circle respectively. The results were evaluated in 6 h, 1,3, 6 and 15 days with fluorescent staining and visualization of the cornea surface through the slit lamp as well as histologic and immunohistochemical methods. The data received are the basis for developing new biotechnologic therapies for proper regeneration of the cornea surface.

The search of effective therapy for multiple sclerosis CMS) that is the most common demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system affecting young people leading to their disability is still actual. The cumulative data as well as clinical experience of dendritic cells CDCs) usage in oncology facilitated a pilot investigation - a clinical study of the I phase of autogenic IL-10 modified DCs usage in immune therapy of MS.

A course of experimental immune therapy was given to a 46 year old man with secondary progressive MS who had failed to respond to combined treatment including specific standard immune therapy with copaxone and nonspecific antioxidant neuroprotective and corticosteroid therapy. A single dose of autogenic IL-10 modified dendritic cells in the amount of 3x10⁶was injected subcutaneously into the patient’s back and was thrice-repeated in 4 months at successive intervals of a month. The first results showed that in the absence of any local side effects the immune system response to the administration of these cells was rather complex with the participation of T- and B- cells. The decline of the antibody titres to myelin basic protein was most significant that can be considered as an evidence of formation of immune tolerance to this protein along with relative and absolute increase of a peripheral blood regulatory T-lymphocytes CCD4⁺CD25⁺) number. However, relevant alterations of the patient’s clinical and neurologic status did not occur after the course of autogenic IL-10 modified DCs had been given. The data received allow to consider further investigations of the proposed method of specific immune therapy appropriate in order to assess its tolerance*, safety and mechanisms of DCs effects on patients with MS.

In article the short review of the largest companies, rendering gathering and storage services stem cells of cord blood is presented.