Vol 3, No 3 (2008)

В связи с тем, что стационарные клеточные популяции [нейроны, кардиомиоциты) не имеют камбиальных резервов для осуществления процессов репаративной регенерации, исследуется возможность лечения пациентов с патологией ЦНС или миокарда посредством клеточной терапии [1-4]. При этом основная проблема заключается в получении иммуносовместимых клеток, способных к дифференцировке в соответствующих направлениях. Перспективным решением является использование репрограммированных аутогенных клеток, сходных с эмбриональными стволовыми клетками [ЭСК) [5, 6].

Детализация механизмов, контролирующих процессы миграции клеток-предшественниц в организме, является важной теоретической предпосылкой для успешного применения клеточных технологий в медицине. Установлено, что как мультипотентные мезенхимальные стромальные клетки [ММСК), так и гемопоэтические стволовые клетки [ГСК) находятся не в стационарном, а в постоянном динамическом состоянии - мигрируют между основным депо - костным мозгом - и периферическими тканями [1, 2]. В этой связи, управление механизмами хемотаксиса стволовых клеток и клеток-предшественниц может являться эффективным подходом для оптимизации лечения пациентов с различными дегенеративно-дистрофическими заболеваниями, травматическими повреждениями и новообразованиями.

There are a lot of research projects ongoing, devoted to identification of human bone marrow derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSCs) unique surface epitopes. However there are no defined antigens or their combination that would specifically characterize MMSCs. Each research group uses its own panel of antibodies to identificate and isolate these cells. Herein we review mostly described and widely used specific markers of MMSCs.

Cultivation conditions for five human embryonic stem cell lines (hESM01, hESM02, hESM03, hESM04, HES-9) were switched from serum replacement containing medium with mouse embryonic fibroblasts as a feeder to two commercialy available media (mTESR1 by StemCell Technologies, Canada and StemPro by lnvitrogen, USA). Cell lines were maintained in these media for more than 20 passages. Matrigel (BD Biosciences, USA) was used as a substrate. hESCs cultivated in defined media and without animal derived components retain their pluripotency and differentiation ability. Changes in morphology of feeder-free hESC colonies were observed. Feeder-free hESC cultivation gives possibility to get larger amount of cells due to increase of proliferative activity.

ln this article it was eхamined the application of autologous multipotent mesenchymal stromal bone marrow cells (MMSC ВM) for influence the thymus and spleen morphofunctional conditions, immune status and the regeneration of lengthy unclosing gastric ulceres. lt was shown that MMSC promoted the restoration cytokine dysЬalance, the thymus and spleen morphofunctional conditions and acceleration of gastric ulcers regeneration.

The purpose of the present research is a studying of an opportunity to use cellular technologies in treatment of patients with traumatic comas. Cellular therapy was applied at 38 patients with a serious brain injury. All of them were at entering in clinic in coma I-III of a degree and had attributes of a vegetative condition formation on a background of stable vital functions. Suspension of unripe nervous and hemopoietic cells entered into a subarachnoid space through a spinal puncture. The control group consists of 38 patients and was comparable to group of research. Оutcomes of treatment were appreciated on Karnoffsky scale, Barthel ADL index and also on a scale of outcomes of Glasgow. Favorable (good and satisfactory) outcome of disease was marked at 33 (86,8 %) patients, receiving cellular therapy, and at 15 (39,5%) patients of control group. Good outcomes in control group were not. According to observation 1,5 years, the life quality of patients, receiving cellular therapy, authentically surpassed a similar control parameter. Complications of this method in the nearest and remote period were not registered. Received data specify possible expediency application of cellular therapy at patients with comas in the acute period of a serious brain injury.

The article deals with the comparative analysis of the present day market of personal banking of umbilical cord blood in Moscow and Kiev. The analysis is based on the results of marketing studies carried out in these cities at the same period of time using the same survey design and armchair research.