Vol 14, No 3 (2019)

The key role in the antiviral and antimicrobial defense of the body is played by the RIG-I and NF-kB signaling pathways. The RIG-I signaling pathway activates interferon-regulated factors IRF3 and IRF7, and the central component of the NF-kB signaling pathway, the nuclear transcription factor NF-kB, determines the production of endogenous antimicrobial peptides and interferons by cells. One of the key regulators of the RIG-I signaling pathway is the mitochondrial protein MAVS, which integrates signals from receptors that recognize pathogenicity patterns. The influence of various factors, such as bacterial toxins, free radicals, reactive oxygen species, leads to MAVS dysfunction, impaired antiviral resistance and the progression of viral infection. However, despite the important role of the proteins of the RIG-I-pathway and the components of the NF-KB-signaling pathway in ensuring the body's resistance to infections and sanogenesis, their significance in the postclinical phase has not been fully studied. The aim of the study was to evaluate the content of the components of RIG-I and NF-kB signaling pathways in mononuclear cells of whole blood of healthy individuals and pneumonia convalescents after exposure to a complex mitogen. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay determined the content of components of the NF-kB signaling pathway (p50, p65, c-Rel, RelB, NF-kB2), protein kinases of the NF-kB nuclear transcription factor inhibitor (IkB), and RIG-I- proteins in mononuclear cells of whole blood the signal path (TAK1, TBK1, TRIM25, TMEM173, RNF125, IRF3, IRF7, MAVS), RIG-I-dependent helicase (LGP2), the level of phosphorylation of protein kinase p38 and IkB, as well as the production of whole blood cells IL-4, IL-, were evaluated 12, RANTES, cathelicidin and interferons (IFN-p and IFNa). It was established that in the subclinical phase of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia in mononuclear cells of whole blood after stimulation with a complex mitogen containing lipopolysaccharide, the content of RelB, MaVS, DHX58, and IRF7 decreased compared to practically healthy individuals, p38 protein kinase dephosphorylation was noted. In contrast, the concentrations of IKKa, IKKp, the level of phosphorylation of kBa, the protein content of TRIM25, TMEM173, OTuD5, RNF125 and tBk1 were increased. These changes were accompanied by a statistically significant decrease in the production of IL-4, IL-12, RANTES, cathelicidin and IFN-p against the background of an increase in the level of IFNa. The effect on the mononuclear cells of whole blood of a complex mitogen led to a change in the ratio of the components of the signaling pathways that determine the antibacterial and antiviral defense of the body. In patients with pneumonia, against the background of mitogenic stimulation, the production of cathelicidin,

Predicting the outcome of in vitro fertilization is of great importance when deciding on the use of this method. The purpose of the study was to determine the echographic and morphological criteria for the readiness of the endometrium for implantation to increase the effectiveness of IVF. The case-control method was used to select and examine 250 women, divided into 3 groups: group 1 (main group, IVF 1, n=87) included infertile women planning IVF for the first time, group 2 (comparison group, IVF 2, n=83) - women with unsuccessful previous IVF attempts; in group 3 (control group, n=80) - women with a history of physiological pregnancy that successfully ended in natural childbirth. An ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs and morphological examination of the biopsy of the uterine mucosa in a significant part of women from the IVF 1 and IVF 2 groups revealed signs of chronic endometritis, which is the cause of infertility. According to 2D echography and Doppler ultrasound data, the echographic criteria for the readiness of the endometrium for IVF are determined: the thickness of the endometrium is more than 8 mm, the correspondence of the endometrial echostructure to the phase of the menstrual cycle, the uniformity of the M-echo, the absence of hyper- and hypoechoic inclusions, and the absence of hemodynamic disturbances in the uterine vessels and in the vascular basin of the pelvis in the second phase of the menstrual cycle. The morphological criteria of the readiness of the endometrium for implantation, in our opinion, include the absence of inflammatory changes in the endometrium (focal and diffuse lymphoid cell infiltrates, plasma cells in the stroma), as well as sclerotic changes in the walls of the spiral arteries. Under these conditions, the prognosis of the effectiveness of the IVF program is favorable.