


Vol 3, No 4 (2008)
- Year: 2008
- Articles: 19
- URL: https://genescells.ru/2313-1829/issue/view/6265
Cell technology
Undescribed cell populations involved in heart development discovered



Interspecies nuclear transfer: an insurmountable natural barrier or a temporary technical obstacle?



Prevention of acute and chronic allograft rejection with CD4+CD25+FохрЗ+ regulatory Т-lymphocytes



Reprogramming of pancreatic exocrinocytes into functionally active β-cells



"Mesenchymal reserve" - new data or "well-forgotten old"?



Paravulnar tissues - a new source of MMSC?



Obtaining iPS cells without vector integration



MicroRNAs modulate the activity of embryonic stem cell pluripotency factors Nanog, Oct4 and Sox2



Clinical Trials
New data on the effectiveness of liver cell transplantation in patients with Crigler-Najjar syndrome



Transplanted fetal cells are involved in the pathological process in Parkinson's disease



Myeloablative conditioning regimens increase the efficiency of adoptive T-lymphocyte transfer in metastatic melanoma



Reviews
T-cell vaccination in therapy of multiple sclerosis
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a autoimmune disease, due to developing inflammatory focuses of demyelination in the Central Nervous System. T-cell vaccination is a treatment method aimed at stimulating the antiidiotype, immune reactions that are capable of inactivating idiotype, self-reactive lymphocytes. The experimental and clinical data presented in this review indicate that the mechanism of influencing the T-cell vaccination on the MS-causing, autoimmune process includes 4 components: 1) generation of antiidiotypic, CD8+, cytotoxic T-lymphocytes; 2) generation of antiidiotypic CD4+ T-helper cells of 2 and 3 type; 3) stimulation of functionality of CD4+, CD25+ regulatory T cells; and 4) induction of synthesizing antiidiotypic antibodies. The published data suggest expediency of applying T-cell vaccination in the treatment for MS and other autoimmune diseases.



Biologic properties of endothelial cells-progenitors and their reparative potential for cell therapy
Abstract
High incidence of atherosclerotic disorders of lower extremity blood vessels, their progressive course leading to incapacitation make further improvement both surgical and conservative and less invasive treatment modalities of patients with such pathology very important. Among conservative and less invasive methods the usage of stem endothelial cells-precursors is a promising therapy for management of those patients who cannot be treated surgically because of the character of vascular impairment or their somatic status.



Original Study Articles
Research of osteoplastic properties of matrixes from resolving polyether of hydroxioil acid
Abstract
A family of extensions! implants with different composition was designed for reparative osteogenesis. The implants are made of a resorblng polymer of the hydroxybutyric acid (poly-3- hydroxybutyrate), a composition of this polymer with hydroxylapatite, and combination of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate with the recombinant human morphogenetic bone protein-2 (BMP-2). The properties of the implants developed were studied in experimental animals with segmental osteotomy in comparison with standard materials used in stomatology. Reconstructive osteogenesis has been shown to be active in all the implants containing poly-3-hydroxybutyrate as a main component. Poly-3- hydroxybutyrate itself as well as its compositions with hydroxylapatite and a morphogenetic protein BMP-2 have marked osteoplastic properties, degrade in vivo slowly and adequately to the growth of new bone tissue, promoting reparative osteogenesis.



Induction of neural differentiation of adipose stromal cells
Abstract
Adipose stromal cells (ASCs) are progenitor cells capable to differentiate into a large variety of cell types including neuronal cells. Many active ingredients were suggested for the induction of neural differentiation of stromal progenitor cells. However the combination of pharmaceutically approved agents allowing stable induction of neural differentiation of ASCs is not established. Here, we tested the ability of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and retinoic acid (RA) alone as well as together with DNA demethylating agent 5-azacytidine to induce stable neural differentiation of ASCs. ASCs were isolated from human or mouse (BI6 strain) sub cutis as described by Zuk et al. At passages 2—5 the cells were induced with NIM (DMEM/F12, 3% FBS and 1 mcM azacytidine supplemented with ImcM RA or 20ng/ml BDNF) for 3 days. The efficiency of neural differentiation was estimated by the change of expression of neuronal markers, including nest in, tubuiin-beta3, neuron-specific enolase 2 and microtubule- associated protein 2, at 3 and 7 days after induction using Real Time PCR. The expression of marker genes increased Б-10 times after incubation in the NIM, supplemented with RA, and up to 4 times in the medium containing BDNF 3 days after induction. Furthermore, ASCs primed to neural differentiation demonstrate significantly better surviving and incorporation in the brain tissue after transplantation into the mouse brain. Taken together, our data suggest that the combination of BDNF or RA with 5-azacytidine could be suggested for the induction of stable neural transdifferentiation.



Regenerative regeneration multiiayered corneal epithelium: biotechnological potential
Abstract
The regularities of reparative regeneration of corneal stratified epithelium to be taken into consideration when developing new remedial treatments have been revealed in a rabbit model damage. The epithelium was removed from the entire cornea surface in all the animals. Then the animals were divided into four groups. In the first (control) group the growth zone of the limb was not damaged. In the 2"d group the limb growth zone its was ablated/ excised/ dissected in one third of its circle, while in the 3rd and 4th groups the limb growth zone was dissected in S and 2/3 of the limbal circle respectively. The results were evaluated in 6 h, 1,3, 6 and 15 days with fluorescent staining and visualization of the cornea surface through the slit lamp as well as histologic and immunohistochemical methods. The data received are the basis for developing new biotechnologic therapies for proper regeneration of the cornea surface.



Clinical experience
Autogenic IL-10 modified dendritic cells in immune therapy of multiple sclerosis: the first clinical experience
Abstract
The search of effective therapy for multiple sclerosis CMS) that is the most common demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system affecting young people leading to their disability is still actual. The cumulative data as well as clinical experience of dendritic cells CDCs) usage in oncology facilitated a pilot investigation - a clinical study of the I phase of autogenic IL-10 modified DCs usage in immune therapy of MS.
A course of experimental immune therapy was given to a 46 year old man with secondary progressive MS who had failed to respond to combined treatment including specific standard immune therapy with copaxone and nonspecific antioxidant neuroprotective and corticosteroid therapy. A single dose of autogenic IL-10 modified dendritic cells in the amount of 3x106was injected subcutaneously into the patient’s back and was thrice-repeated in 4 months at successive intervals of a month. The first results showed that in the absence of any local side effects the immune system response to the administration of these cells was rather complex with the participation of T- and B- cells. The decline of the antibody titres to myelin basic protein was most significant that can be considered as an evidence of formation of immune tolerance to this protein along with relative and absolute increase of a peripheral blood regulatory T-lymphocytes CCD4+CD25+) number. However, relevant alterations of the patient’s clinical and neurologic status did not occur after the course of autogenic IL-10 modified DCs had been given. The data received allow to consider further investigations of the proposed method of specific immune therapy appropriate in order to assess its tolerance*, safety and mechanisms of DCs effects on patients with MS.



Stem Cells Business



Reviews
Book review by A.A. Novik and R.A. Ivanov "Cell Therapy"


