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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Genes &amp; Cells</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Genes &amp; Cells</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Гены и Клетки</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Genes and Cells</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-1829</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2500-2562</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Human Stem Cells Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">686667</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/gc686667</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">OYBSUV</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Culturing keratinocytes from patients with burn injury</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Особенности культивирования кератиноцитов кожи пациентов с ожоговой травмой</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0220-4310</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Filimonova</surname><given-names>Anna V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филимонова</surname><given-names>Анна Васильевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>annaflmnv@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4251-9372</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1441-8532</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rogovaya</surname><given-names>Olga S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Роговая</surname><given-names>Ольга Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><email>Rogovaya26f@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6987-0683</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8756-6730</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalabusheva</surname><given-names>Ekaterina P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калабушева</surname><given-names>Екатерина Павловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><email>kalabusheva.e@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7763-6099</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7007-2944</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sukhanov</surname><given-names>Yury V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суханов</surname><given-names>Юрий Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><email>sukhanov@acrusbiomed.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7613-1005</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4519-2594</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Markevich</surname><given-names>Pavel S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маркевич</surname><given-names>Павел Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mps.doc@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1250-6204</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6058-1388</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedeva</surname><given-names>Yulia N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедева</surname><given-names>Юлия Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lebedeva.y.n@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5006-4254</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Terskikh</surname><given-names>Vasily V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Терских</surname><given-names>Василий Васильевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук</p></bio><email>terskikh@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5405-0212</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2310-9118</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorotelyak</surname><given-names>Ekaterina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воротеляк</surname><given-names>Екатерина Андреевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology), Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, член-корреспондент Российской академии наук</p></bio><email>vorotelyak@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4886-1750</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7050-9087</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasiliev</surname><given-names>Andrey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильев</surname><given-names>Андрей Валентинович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology), Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, член-корреспондент Российской академии наук</p></bio><email>113162@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биологии развития имени Н.К. Кольцова Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center for High Medical Technologies — Central Military Clinical Hospital named after A.A. Vishnevsky</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр высоких медицинских технологий — Центральный военный клинический госпиталь имени А.А. Вишневского</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Plastic Surgery Clinic "Art Plastic"</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Клиника пластической хирургии «Арт пластик»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-12-03" publication-format="electronic"><day>03</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-02-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>371</fpage><lpage>385</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-07-04"><day>04</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-08-28"><day>28</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2029-02-04"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://genescells.ru/2313-1829/article/view/686667">https://genescells.ru/2313-1829/article/view/686667</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> A burn injury, particularly when extensive and deep, leads not only to local tissue damage but also to systemic alterations that impair the skin’s regenerative capacity. Modern therapeutic approaches, including cell-based technologies, aim to accelerate skin repair in conditions where autologous tissue is insufficient. Despite using cells derived from unaffected skin regions, their viability and ability to form epithelial structures may be substantially reduced. This study investigates changes occurring in the epidermis of uninjured skin in patients with extensive burns and explores effective strategies to enhance the viability of cultured keratinocytes.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> This study aimed to examine the systemic impact of burn injury on the viability of epidermal keratinocytes from uninjured skin and to develop approaches to enhance their viability during <italic>in vitro</italic> culture.</p> <p><bold>METHODS:</bold> Immunofluorescence analysis of specialized markers was performed on cryosections of skin obtained from healthy donors and patients with burn injuries. The proportions of viable cells and epidermal stem cells in keratinocyte cultures were assessed using flow cytometry. The adhesive capacity, colony-forming ability, and formation of confluent cell layers were evaluated <italic>in vitro</italic> for keratinocytes isolated from healthy donors and donors with burns.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> Keratinocytes isolated from patients with burns exhibited reduced adhesion and viability during the first days of culture. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed abnormal expression of keratins 6 and 17 in the epidermis of uninjured skin from patients with burns, an increased proportion of cells with nuclear localization of YAP1, and decreased integrin expression, indicating the development of a pro-inflammatory phenotype. Flow cytometry demonstrated a reduction in epidermal stem cell fractions (ITGα6<sup>high</sup>/CD71<sup>low</sup>) in patients with burns. To enhance cell adhesion and survival, culture methods involving collagen coating of the culture surface and the addition of a Rho-associated kinase inhibitor to the culture medium were proposed, both of which promoted cell growth and rapid formation of a confluent layer.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> A modified culture protocol incorporating type I collagen and a Rho-associated kinase inhibitor improves the efficiency of keratinocyte expansion from patients with burns. These findings may optimize the production of cell cultures for burn treatment, enhance the survival of transplanted cells, and ultimately improve the effectiveness of tissue engineering approaches in combustiology.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Ожоговая травма, особенно с формированием обширных и глубоких ожогов, вызывает не только локальные повреждения тканей, но и системные изменения в организме, затрагивающие регенеративные способности кожи. Современные методы лечения, в том числе применение клеточных технологий, направлены на ускоренное восстановление кожного покрова в условиях дефицита собственной ткани у пациента. Несмотря на использование клеток, выделенных из неповреждённых участков кожи, их жизнеспособность и способность к формированию эпителиальных структур могут быть значительно снижены. Данное исследование направлено на изучение изменений, происходящих в эпидермисе неповреждённой кожи у пациентов с обширными ожогами, а также на поиск эффективных стратегий для улучшения жизнеспособности культивируемых кератиноцитов.</p> <p><bold>Цель. </bold>Изучение системного влияния ожоговой травмы на жизнеспособность кератиноцитов эпидермиса неповреждённой кожи и разработка подходов к её повышению при культивировании.</p> <p><bold>Методы. </bold>Иммунофлуоресцентное исследование специализированных маркёров проводили на криосрезах кожи от здоровых доноров и от пациентов с ожогами. Долю живых клеток и эпидермальных стволовых клеток в культуре кератиноцитов исследовали методом проточной цитометрии. <italic>In vitro</italic> изучали способность кератиноцитов, выделяемых из кожи здоровых доноров и доноров с ожогами, к адгезии, формированию колоний и конфлюэнтного слоя клеток.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Установлено снижение адгезивности и жизнеспособности кератиноцитов кожи от пациентов с ожогами в первые дни культивирования. Иммунофлуоресцентный анализ выявил аномальную экспрессию кератинов 6 и 17 в эпидермисе неповреждённой кожи ожоговых пациентов, увеличение доли клеток с ядерной локализацией белка YAP1 и снижение экспрессии интегринов, что свидетельствует о формировании провоспалительного фенотипа. Проточная цитометрия показала снижение доли эпидермальных стволовых клеток (ITGα6<sup>high</sup>/CD71<sup>low</sup>) у пациентов с ожогами. Для улучшения адгезии и выживаемости клеток были предложены методы культивирования с сорбцией культуральной поверхности коллагеном и добавлением ингибитора Rho-ассоциированных киназ к культуральной среде, что способствовало росту клеток и быстрому формированию конфлюэнтного слоя.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Использование модифицированного протокола культивирования с применением коллагена I типа и ингибитора Rho-ассоциированных киназ позволяет повысить эффективность масштабирования клеток от пациентов с ожогами. Полученные результаты позволят оптимизировать процесс получения клеточных культур для лечения ожоговых больных, улучшить приживаемость трансплантируемых клеток и в итоге — повысить эффективность тканевой инженерии в комбустиологии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>burns</kwd><kwd>epidermis</kwd><kwd>keratinocytes</kwd><kwd>cell culture techniques</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ожоги</kwd><kwd>эпидермис</kwd><kwd>кератиноциты</kwd><kwd>культивирование клеток</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study of the differentiation status of skin keratinocytes and the activity of the YAP signaling cascade was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (Grant No. 21-74-30015-P, https://rscf.ru/project/21-74-30015/). The development of a cultivation method for keratinocytes derived from patients with burns was supported by State Assignment No. 0088-2024-0013</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование дифференцировочного статуса кератиноцитов кожи и активности сигнального каскада YAP проведено с использованием денежных средств гранта Российского научного фонда № 21-74-30015-П (https://rscf.ru/project/21-74-30015/). Разработка способа культивирования кератиноцитов от пациентов с ожогами проведена с использованием средств государственного задания 0088-2024-0013</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Osuka A, Ogura H, Ueyama M, et al. Immune response to traumatic injury: harmony and discordance of immune system homeostasis. Acute Med Surg. 2014;1(2):63–69. doi: 10.1002/ams2.17</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Barrandon Y, Green H. 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