<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Genes &amp; Cells</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Genes &amp; Cells</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Гены и Клетки</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Genes and Cells</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-1829</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2500-2562</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Human Stem Cells Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">609563</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/gc609563</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Multiplex analysis of cancer cells treated with induced mesenchymal stem cell membrane vesicles</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Мультиплексный анализ раковых клеток после обработки индуцированными мембранными везикулами мезенхимальных стволовых клеток</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1315-4204</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6028-8878</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kletukhina</surname><given-names>Sevindzh K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клетухина</surname><given-names>Севиндж Камаловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>sevindzh.rasulova.1993@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0826-7370</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1084-3707</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gomzikova</surname><given-names>Marina O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гомзикова</surname><given-names>Марина Олеговна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><email>MOGomzikova@kpfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan Federal University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-10-31" publication-format="electronic"><day>31</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>441</fpage><lpage>452</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-10-16"><day>16</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-05-02"><day>02</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2027-12-28"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://genescells.ru/2313-1829/article/view/609563">https://genescells.ru/2313-1829/article/view/609563</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold><italic> </italic>Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-derived vesicles secreted by cells into the extracellular space. They play an important role in intercellular communication and regulate various biological processes. Vesicles are found in tumor tissue where they mediate signaling between tumor cells and surrounding cells in the microenvironment. Like parental mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), EVs exert dual effects on tumorogenesis. Some studies have shown that MSC-EVs promote tumor growth, while others have demonstrated their inhibitory role.</p> <p><bold>AIM: </bold>The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of MSC membrane vesicles (MVs) on the molecular composition of cancer cells.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS: </bold>Induced membrane vesicles (iMVs) were obtained from MSCs previously isolated from adipose tissue by treatment with cytochalasin B. To simulate intercellular communication between tumor cells and MSCs, iMVs with different protein concentrations were applied to recipient cells (SH-SY5Y, PC3, MCF7). A bicinchoninic acid technique was used to measure total protein isolated from human cells/iMVs. The molecular composition of the recipient cells was then analyzed by multiplex analysis. The cells were pre-treated with MSC iMVs.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS: </bold>Applying MSC MVs to cancer cells induces significant changes in the expression of many biologically active molecules, including cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. For example, increased levels of the growth factor FGF-2, cytokines G-CSF, fractalkine, IL-12p40, IL-9, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, chemokines IP-10, MCP-1, and others were detected. In addition, the majority of these molecules are found to be associated with cell proliferation, migration and immune response.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION: </bold>MSC MVs are able to alter the molecular profile of cancer cells, increasing the levels of molecules associated with cell survival and migration.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Внеклеточные везикулы (ВВ) представляют собой везикулы мембранного происхождения, выделяемые клетками во внеклеточное пространство и играющие важную роль в межклеточной коммуникации путём участия в регуляции ряда биологических процессов. Везикулы обнаруживаются в ткани опухоли, где выполняют роль посредника в передаче сигналов между опухолевыми клетками и клетками микроокружения. Подобно родительским мезенхимальным стволовым клеткам (МСК), ВВ оказывают двойственное влияние на развитие опухолей. Исследования показывают, что ВВ МСК способствуют росту опухоли, с другой стороны, в нескольких работах продемонстрирована их ингибирующая роль.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold> <bold>исследования </bold>— оценить эффект воздействия мембранных везикул МСК на молекулярный состав раковых клеток.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Индуцированные мембранные везикулы (иМВ) получали из МСК, предварительно выделенных из жировой ткани, с помощью обработки их цитохалазином В. С целью моделирования межклеточной коммуникации между опухолевыми клетками и МСК наносили иМВ в различной концентрации белка на клетки-реципиенты (SH-SY5Y, PC3, MCF7). Для измерения концентрации тотального белка, выделенного из клеток/иМВ человека, использовали метод с бицинхониновой кислотой. Затем проводили анализ молекулярного состава клеток-реципиентов после нанесения на них иМВ МСК с помощью мультиплексного анализа.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>Мы определили, что после нанесения мембранных везикул МСК на раковые клетки происходят значительные изменения в экспрессии многих биологически активных молекул, включая цитокины, хемокины и факторы роста. В частности, обнаружено увеличение концентрации фактора роста FGF-2, цитокинов G-CSF, Fractalkine, IL-12p40, IL-9, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, хемокинов IP-10, MCP-1 и других. Анализ также выявил, что большинство из этих молекул связаны с пролиферацией клеток, миграцией и иммунным ответом.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Мембранные везикулы МСК способны изменять молекулярный профиль раковых клеток, увеличивая концентрацию молекул, связанных с выживаемостью и миграцией клеток.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>membrane vesicles</kwd><kwd>cytochalasin B-induced membrane vesicles</kwd><kwd>mesenchymal stem cells</kwd><kwd>multipotent stromal cells</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мембранные везикулы</kwd><kwd>индуцированные цитохалазином В мембранные везикулы</kwd><kwd>мезенхимальные стволовые клетки</kwd><kwd>мультипотентные стромальные клетки</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation and the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Tatarstan within the framework of scientific project N. 23-25-10046</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счёт гранта Российского научного фонда и Академии наук Республики Татарстан по проекту № 23-25-10046.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Akers JC, Gonda D, Kim R, et al. Biogenesis of extracellular vesicles (EV): exosomes, microvesicles, retrovirus-like vesicles, and apoptotic bodies. J Neurooncol. 2013;113(1):1–11. doi: 10.1007/s11060-013-1084-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Akers J.C., Gonda D., Kim R., et al. Biogenesis of extracellular vesicles (EV): exosomes, microvesicles, retrovirus-like vesicles, and apoptotic bodies // J Neurooncol. 2013. Vol. 113, N. 1. P. 1–11. doi: 10.1007/s11060-013-1084-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Akyurekli C, Le Y, Richardson RB, et al. A systematic review of preclinical studies on the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived microvesicles. Stem Cell Rev and Rep. 2015;11(1):150–160. doi: 10.1007/s12015-014-9545-9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Akyurekli C., Le Y., Richardson R.B., et al. A systematic review of preclinical studies on the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived microvesicles // Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2015. Vol. 11, N. 1. P. 150–160. doi: 10.1007/s12015-014-9545-9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Teng X, Chen L, Chen W, et al. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes improve the microenvironment of infarcted myocardium contributing to angiogenesis and anti-inflammation. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2015;37(6):2415–2424. doi: 10.1159/000438594</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Teng X., Chen L., Chen W., et al. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes improve the microenvironment of infarcted myocardium contributing to angiogenesis and anti-inflammation // Cell Physiol Biochem. 2015. Vol. 37, N. 6. P. 2415–2424. doi: 10.1159/000438594</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang Y, Chopp M, Meng Y, et al. Effect of exosomes derived from multipluripotent mesenchymal stromal cells on functional recovery and neurovascular plasticity in rats after traumatic brain injury. J Neurosurg. 2015;122(4):856–867. doi: 10.3171/2014.11.JNS14770</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang Y., Chopp M., Meng Y., et al. Effect of exosomes derived from multipluripotent mesenchymal stromal cells on functional recovery and neurovascular plasticity in rats after traumatic brain injury // 2015. Vol. 122, N. 4. P. 856–867. doi: 10.3171/2014.11.JNS14770</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang Y, Xu J, Liu S, et al. Embryonic stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles enhance the therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cells. Theranostics. 2019;9(23):6976–6990. doi: 10.7150/thno.35305</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang Y., Xu J., Liu S., et al. Embryonic stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles enhance the therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cells // Theranostics. 2019. Vol. 9, N. 23. P. 6976–6990. doi: 10.7150/thno.35305</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang N, Chen C, Yang D, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles, via miR-210, improve infarcted cardiac function by promotion of angiogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2017;1863(8):2085–2092. doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.02.023</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang N., Chen C., Yang D., et al. Mesenchymal stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles, via miR-210, improve infarcted cardiac function by promotion of angiogenesis // Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2017. Vol. 1863, N. 8. P. 2085–2092. doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.02.023</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Di Trapani M, Bassi G, Midolo M, et al. Differential and transferable modulatory effects of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles on T, B and NK cell functions. Sci Rep. 2016;6:24120. doi: 10.1038/srep24120</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Di Trapani M., Bassi G., Midolo M., et al. Differential and transferable modulatory effects of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles on T, B and NK cell functions // Sci Rep. 2016. Vol. 6. P. 24120. doi: 10.1038/srep24120</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Seo Y, Kim HS, Hong IS. Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles as immunomodulatory therapeutics. Stem Cells Int. 2019;2019:5126156. doi: 10.1155/2019/5126156</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Seo Y., Kim H.S., Hong I.S. Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles as immunomodulatory therapeutics // Stem Cells Int. 2019. Vol. 2019. P. 5126156. doi: 10.1155/2019/5126156</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Syromiatnikova V, Prokopeva A, Gomzikova M. Methods of the large-scale production of extracellular vesicles. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(18):10522. doi: 10.3390/ijms231810522</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Syromiatnikova V., Prokopeva A., Gomzikova M. Methods of the large-scale production of extracellular vesicles // Int J Mol Sci. 2022. Vol. 23, N. 18. P. 10522. doi: 10.3390/ijms231810522</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pick H, Schmid EL, Tairi AP, et al. Investigating cellular signaling reactions in single attoliter vesicles. J Am Chem Soc. 2005;127(9):2908–2912. doi: 10.1021/ja044605x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pick H., Schmid E.L., Tairi A.P., et al. Investigating cellular signaling reactions in single attoliter vesicles // J Am Chem Soc. 2005. Vol. 127, N. 9. P. 2908–2912. doi: 10.1021/ja044605x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fox JE, Austin CD, Boyles JK, Steffen PK. Role of the membrane skeleton in preventing the shedding of procoagulant-rich microvesicles from the platelet plasma membrane. J Cell Biol. 1990;111(2):483–493. doi: 10.1083/jcb.111.2.483</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fox J.E., Austin C.D., Boyles J.K., Steffen P.K. Role of the membrane skeleton in preventing the shedding of procoagulant-rich microvesicles from the platelet plasma membrane // J Cell Biol. 1990. Vol. 111, N. 2. P. 483–493. doi: 10.1083/jcb.111.2.483</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Choi DS, Yang JS, Choi EJ, et al. The protein interaction network of extracellular vesicles derived from human colorectal cancer cells. J Proteome Res. 2012;11(2):1144–1151. doi: 10.1021/pr200842h</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Choi D.S., Yang J.S., Choi E.J., et al. The protein interaction network of extracellular vesicles derived from human colorectal cancer cells // J Proteome Res. 2012. Vol. 11, N. 2. P. 1144–1151. doi: 10.1021/pr200842h</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Atanassoff AP, Wolfmeier H, Schoenauer R, et al. Microvesicle shedding and lysosomal repair fulfill divergent cellular needs during the repair of streptolysin O-induced plasmalemmal damage. PLoS One. 2014;9(2):e89743. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089743</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Atanassoff A.P., Wolfmeier H., Schoenauer R., et al. Microvesicle shedding and lysosomal repair fulfill divergent cellular needs during the repair of streptolysin O-induced plasmalemmal damage // PLoS One. 2014. Vol. 9, N. 2. P. e89743. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089743</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">EL Andaloussi S, Mäger I, Breakefield XO, Wood MJA. Extracellular vesicles: biology and emerging therapeutic opportunities. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2013;12(5):347–357. doi: 10.1038/nrd3978</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">EL Andaloussi S., Mäger I., Breakefield X.O., Wood M.J. Extracellular vesicles: biology and emerging therapeutic opportunities // Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2013. Vol. 12, N. 5. P. 347–357. doi: 10.1038/nrd3978</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gomzikova M, Kletukhina S, Kurbangaleeva S, Rizvanov A. Evaluation of cytochalasin b-induced membrane vesicles fusion specificity with target cells. Biomed Res Int. 2018;2018:7053623. doi: 10.1155/2018/7053623</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gomzikova M., Kletukhina S., Kurbangaleeva S., Rizvanov A. Evaluation of cytochalasin B-induced membrane vesicles fusion specificity with target cells // Biomed Res Int. 2018. Vol. 2018. P. 7053623. doi: 10.1155/2018/7053623</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gomzikova MO, Zhuravleva MN, Vorobev VV, et al. Angiogenic activity of cytochalasin b-induced membrane vesicles of human mesenchymal stem cells. Cells. 2019;9(1):95. doi: 10.3390/cells9010095</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gomzikova M.O., Zhuravleva M.N., Vorobev V.V., et al. Angiogenic activity of cytochalasin b-induced membrane vesicles of human mesenchymal stem cells // Cells. 2019. Vol. 9, N. 1. P. 95. doi: 10.3390/cells9010095</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kurbangaleeva SV, Syromiatnikova VY, Prokopeva AE, et al. Increased yield of extracellular vesicles after cytochalasin b treatment and vortexing. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2023;45(3):2431–2443. doi: 10.3390/cimb45030158</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kurbangaleeva S.V., Syromiatnikova V.Y., Prokopeva A.E., et al. Increased yield of extracellular vesicles after cytochalasin b treatment and vortexing // Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2023. Vol. 45, N. 3. P. 2431–2443. doi: 10.3390/cimb45030158</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ciccarone V, Spengler BA, Meyers MB, et al. Phenotypic diversification in human neuroblastoma cells: expression of distinct neural crest lineages. Cancer Res. 1989;49(1):219–225.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ciccarone V., Spengler B.A., Meyers M.B., et al. Phenotypic diversification in human neuroblastoma cells: expression of distinct neural crest lineages // Cancer Res. 1989. Vol. 49, N. 1. P. 219–225.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Horwitz KB, Costlow ME, McGuire WL. MCF-7: a human breast cancer cell line with estrogen, progesterone, and glucocorticoid receptors. Steroids. 1975;26(6):785–795. doi: 10.1016/0039-128x(75)90110-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Horwitz K.B., Costlow M.E., McGuire W.L. MCF-7; a human breast cancer cell line with estrogen, androgen, progesterone, and glucocorticoid receptors // Steroids. 1975. Vol. 26, N. 6. P. 785–795. doi: 10.1016/0039-128x(75)90110-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anait S, Jordan VC. MCF-7: the first hormone-responsive breast cancer cell line. Canc Res. 1997;57(15):3071–3078.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Anait S., Jordan V.C. MCF-7: the first hormone-responsive breast cancer cell line // Cancer Res. 1997. Vol. 57, N. 15. P. 3071–3078.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang K, Waxman DJ. PC3 prostate tumor-initiating cells with molecular profile FAM65Bhigh/MFI2low/LEF1low increase tumor angiogenesis. Mol Cancer. 2010;29:319. doi: 10.1186/1476-4598-9-319</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang K., Waxman D.J. PC3 prostate tumor-initiating cells with molecular profile FAM65Bhigh/MFI2low/LEF1low increase tumor angiogenesis // Mol Cancer. 2010. Vol. 9. P. 319. doi: 10.1186/1476-4598-9-319</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grivennikov S, Karin M. Autocrine IL-6 signaling: A key event in tumorigenesis? Cancer Cell. 2008;13(1):7–9. doi: 10.1016/j.ccr.2007.12.020</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grivennikov S., Karin M. Autocrine IL-6 signaling: a key event in tumorigenesis? // Cancer Cell. 2008. Vol. 13, N. 1. P. 7–9. doi: 10.1016/j.ccr.2007.12.020</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lin R, Wang S, Zhao RC. Exosomes from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote migration through Wnt signaling pathway in a breast cancer cell model. Mol Cell Biochem. 2013;383(1-2):13–20. doi: 10.1007/s11010-013-1746-z</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lin R., Wang S., Zhao R.C. Exosomes from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote migration through WNT signaling pathway in a breast cancer cell model // Mol Cell Biochem. 2013. Vol. 383, N. 1-2. P. 13–20. doi: 10.1007/s11010-013-1746-z</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vallabhaneni KC, Penfornis P, Dhule S, et al. Extracellular vesicles from bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells transport tumor regulatory microRNA, proteins, and metabolites. Oncotarget. 2015;6(7):4953–4967. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.3211</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vallabhaneni K.C., Penfornis P., Dhule S., et al. Extracellular vesicles from bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells transport tumor regulatory microRNA, proteins, and metabolites // Oncotarget. 2015. Vol. 6, N. 7. P. 4953–4967. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.3211</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhu W, Huang L, Li Y, et al. Exosomes derived from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells promote tumor growth in vivo. Cancer Lett. 2012;315(1):28–37. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2011.10.002</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhu W., Huang L., Li Y., et al. Exosomes derived from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells promote tumor growth in vivo // Cancer Lett. 2012. Vol. 315, N. 1. P. 28–37. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2011.10.002</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Du T, Ju G, Wu S, et al. Microvesicles derived from human wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells promote human renal cancer cell growth and aggressiveness through induction of hepatocyte growth factor. PLoS One. 2014;9(5):e96836. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096836</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Du T., Ju G., Wu S., et al. Microvesicles derived from human wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells promote human renal cancer cell growth and aggressiveness through induction of hepatocyte growth factor // PLoS One. 2014. Vol. 9, N. 5. P. e96836. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096836</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bromberg J, Wang TC. Inflammation and cancer: IL-6 and STAT3 complete the link. Cancer Cell. 2009;15(2):79–80. doi: 10.1016/j.ccr.2009.01.009</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bromberg J., Wang T.C. Inflammation and cancer: IL-6 and STAT3 complete the link // Cancer Cell. 2009. Vol. 15, N. 2. P. 79–80. doi: 10.1016/j.ccr.2009.01.009</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kumari N, Dwarakanath BS, Das A, Bhatt AN. Role of interleukin-6 in cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. Tumour Biol. 2016;37(9):11553–11572. doi: 10.1007/s13277-016-5098-7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kumari N., Dwarakanath B.S., Das A., Bhatt A.N. Role of interleukin-6 in cancer progression and therapeutic resistance // Tumour Biol. 2016. Vol. 37, N. 9. P. 11553–11572. doi: 10.1007/s13277-016-5098-7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ghandadi M, Sahebkar A. Interleukin-6: a critical cytokine in cancer multidrug resistance. Curr Pharm Des. 2016;22(5):518–526. doi: 10.2174/1381612822666151124234417</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ghandadi M., Sahebkar A. Interleukin-6: a critical cytokine in cancer multidrug resistance // Curr Pharm Des. 2016. Vol. 22, N. 5. P. 518–526. doi: 10.2174/1381612822666151124234417</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Valdembri D, Serini G, Vacca A, et al. In vivo activation of JAK2/STAT-3 pathway during angiogenesis induced by GM-CSF. FASEB J. 2002;16(2):225–227. doi: 10.1096/fj.01-0633fje</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Valdembri D., Serini G., Vacca A., Ribatti D., et al. In vivo activation of JAK2/STAT-3 pathway during angiogenesis induced by GM-CSF // FASEB J. 2002. Vol. 16, N. 2. P. 225–227. doi: 10.1096/fj.01-0633fje</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zgheib A, Lamy S, Annabi B. Epigallocatechin gallate targeting of membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase-mediated Src and janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 signaling inhibits transcription of colony-stimulating factors 2 and 3 in mesenchymal stromal cells. J Biol Chem. 2013;288(19):13378–13386. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M113.456533</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zgheib A., Lamy S., Annabi B. Epigallocatechin gallate targeting of membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase-mediated Src and Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 signaling inhibits transcription of colony-stimulating factors 2 and 3 in mesenchymal stromal cells // J Biol Chem. 2013. Vol. 288, N. 19. P. 13378–13386. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M113.456533</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B32"><label>32.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adeegbe DO, Nishikawa H. Natural and induced T regulatory cells in cancer. Front Immunol. 2013;4:190. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00190</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adeegbe D.O., Nishikawa H. Natural and induced T regulatory cells in cancer // Front Immunol. 2013. Vol. 4. P. 190. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00190</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B33"><label>33.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hori S, Miyake M, Onishi S, et al. Evaluation of pro- and anti-tumor effects induced by three colony-stimulating factors, G-CSF, GM-CSF and M-CSF, in bladder cancer cells: Is G-CSF a friend of bladder cancer cells? Int J Oncol. 2019;54(6):2237–2249. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4772</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hori S., Miyake M., Onishi S., et al. Evaluation of pro- and anti-tumor effects induced by three colony-stimulating factors, G-CSF, GM-CSF and M-CSF, in bladder cancer cells: Is G-CSF a friend of bladder cancer cells // Int J Oncol. 2019. Vol. 54, N. 6. P. 2237–2249. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4772</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B34"><label>34.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Espinoza-Sánchez NA, Vadillo E, Balandrán JC, et al. Evidence of lateral transmission of aggressive features between different types of breast cancer cells. Int J Oncol. 2017;51(5):1482–1496. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4128</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Espinoza-Sánchez N.A., Vadillo E., Balandrán J.C., et al. Evidence of lateral transmission of aggressive features between different types of breast cancer cells // Int J Oncol. 2017. Vol. 51, N. 5. P. 1482–1496. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4128</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B35"><label>35.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lazarus H, Rowe JM. Clinical use of hematopoietic growth factors in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Blood Reviews. 1994;8(3):169–178. doi: 10.1016/0268-960x(94)90078-v</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lazarus H., Rowe J.M. Clinical use of hematopoietic growth factors in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation // Blood Rev. 1994. Vol. 8, N. 3. P. 169–178. doi: 10.1016/0268-960x(94)90078-V</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B36"><label>36.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Van Pelt LJ, De Craen AJM, Langeveld NE, Weening RS. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) ameliorates chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in children with solid tumors. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 1997;14(6):539–545. doi: 10.3109/08880019709030910</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van Pelt L.J., De Craen A.J., Langeveld N.E., Weening R.S. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) ameliorates chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in children with solid tumors // Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 1997. Vol. 14, N. 6. P. 539–545. doi: 10.3109/08880019709030910</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B37"><label>37.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mehta HM, Malandra M, Corey SJ. G-CSF and GM-CSF in neutropenia. J Immunol. 2015;195(4):1341–1349. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500861</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mehta H.M., Malandra M., Corey S.J. G-CSF and GM-CSF in neutropenia // J Immunol. 2015. Vol. 195, N. 4. P. 1341–1349. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500861</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B38"><label>38.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Feleszko W, Giermasz A, Gołatb J, et al. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor accelerates growth of Lewis lung carcinoma in mice. Cancer Lett. 1996;101(2):193–197. doi: 10.1016/0304-3835(96)04134-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Feleszko W., Giermasz A., Gołatb J., et al. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor accelerates growth of Lewis lung carcinoma in mice // Cancer Lett. 1996. Vol. 101, N. 2. P. 193–197. doi: 10.1016/0304-3835(96)04134-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B39"><label>39.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Obermueller E, Vosseler S, Fusenig NE, Mueller MM. Cooperative autocrine and paracrine functions of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in the progression of skin carcinoma cells. Cancer Res. 2004;64(21):7801–7812. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-03-3301</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Obermueller E., Vosseler S., Fusenig N.E., Mueller M.M. Cooperative autocrine and paracrine functions of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in the progression of skin carcinoma cells // Cancer Res. 2004. Vol. 64, N. 21. P. 7801–7812. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-03-3301</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B40"><label>40.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gutschalk CM, Herold-Mende CC, Fusenig NE, Mueller MM. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor promote malignant growth of cells from head and neck squamous cell carcinomas in vivo. Cancer Res. 2006;66(16):8026–8036. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-0158</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gutschalk C.M., Herold-Mende C.C., Fusenig N.E., Mueller M.M. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor promote malignant growth of cells from head and neck squamous cell carcinomas in vivo // Cancer Res. 2006. Vol. 66, N. 16. P. 8026–8036. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-0158</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B41"><label>41.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gutschalk CM, Yanamandra AK, Linde N, et al. GM-CSF enhances tumor invasion by elevated MMP-2, -9, and -26 expression. Cancer Med. 2013;2(2):117–129. doi: 10.1002/cam4.20</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gutschalk C.M., Yanamandra A.K., Linde N., et al. GM-CSF enhances tumor invasion by elevated MMP-2, -9, and -26 expression // Cancer Med. 2013. Vol. 2, N. 2. P. 117–129. doi: 10.1002/cam4.20</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B42"><label>42.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Qiu L, Lai R, Lin Q, et al. Autocrine release of interleukin-9 promotes Jak3-dependent survival of ALK+ anaplastic large-cell lymphoma cells. Blood. 2006;108(7):2407–2415. doi: 10.1182/blood-2006-04-020305</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Qiu L., Lai R., Lin Q., et al. Autocrine release of interleukin-9 promotes Jak3-dependent survival of ALK+ anaplastic large-cell lymphoma cells // Blood. 2006. Vol. 108, N. 7. P. 2407–2415. doi: 10.1182/blood-2006-04-020305</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B43"><label>43.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Allegra A, Musolino C, Tonacci A, et al. Clinico-biological implications of modified levels of cytokines in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a possible therapeutic role. Cancers (Basel). 2020;12(2):524. doi: 10.3390/cancers12020524</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Allegra A., Musolino C., Tonacci A., et al. Clinico-biological implications of modified levels of cytokines in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a possible therapeutic role // Cancers (Basel). 2020. Vol. 12, N. 2. P. 524. doi: 10.3390/cancers12020524</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B44"><label>44.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Teng KY, Han J, Zhang X, et al. Blocking the CCL2–CCR2 axis using CCL2-neutralizing antibody is an effective therapy for hepatocellular cancer in a mouse model. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics. 2017;16(2):312–322. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-16-0124</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Teng K.Y., Han J., Zhang X., et al. Blocking the CCL2–CCR2 axis using CCL2-neutralizing antibody is an effective therapy for hepatocellular cancer in a mouse model // Molecular Cancer Therapeutics. 2017. Vol. 16, N. 2. P. 312–322. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-16-0124</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B45"><label>45.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fridlender ZG, Kapoor V, Buchlis G, et al. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 blockade inhibits lung cancer tumor growth by altering macrophage phenotype and activating CD8+ cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2011;44(2):230–237. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2010-0080OC</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fridlender Z.G., Kapoor V., Buchlis G., et al. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 blockade inhibits lung cancer tumor growth by altering macrophage phenotype and activating CD8+ cells // Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2011. Vol. 44, N. 2. P. 230–237. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2010-0080OC</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B46"><label>46.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Loberg RD, Ying C, Craig M, et al. CCL2 as an important mediator of prostate cancer growth in vivo through the regulation of macrophage infiltration. Neoplasia. 2007;9(7):556–562. doi: 10.1593/neo.07307</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Loberg R.D., Ying C., Craig M., et al. CCL2 as an important mediator of prostate cancer growth in vivo through the regulation of macrophage infiltration // Neoplasia. 2007. Vol. 9, N. 7. P. 556–562. doi: 10.1593/neo.07307</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B47"><label>47.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Qian BZ, Li J, Zhang H, et al. CCL2 recruits inflammatory monocytes to facilitate breast-tumour metastasis. Nature. 2011;475(7355):222–225. doi: 10.1038/nature10138</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Qian B.Z., Li J., Zhang H., et al. CCL2 recruits inflammatory monocytes to facilitate breast-tumour metastasis // Nature. 2011. Vol. 475, N. 7355. P. 222–225. doi: 10.1038/nature10138</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B48"><label>48.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sun C, Li X, Guo E, et al. MCP-1/CCR-2 axis in adipocytes and cancer cell respectively facilitates ovarian cancer peritoneal metastasis. Oncogene. 2020;39(8):1681–1695. doi: 10.1038/s41388-019-1090-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sun C., Li X., Guo E., et al. MCP-1/CCR-2 axis in adipocytes and cancer cell respectively facilitates ovarian cancer peritoneal metastasis // Oncogene. 2020. Vol. 39, N. 8. P. 1681–1695. doi: 10.1038/s41388-019-1090-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B49"><label>49.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ueno T, Toi M, Saji H, et al. Significance of macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 in macrophage recruitment, angiogenesis, and survival in human breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2000;6(8):3282–3289.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ueno T., Toi M., Saji H., et al. Significance of macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 in macrophage recruitment, angiogenesis, and survival in human breast cancer // Clin Cancer Res. 2000. Vol. 6, N. 8. P. 3282–3289.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B50"><label>50.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuziel G, Thompson V, D’Amato JV, Arendt LM. Stromal CCL2 signaling promotes mammary tumor fibrosis through recruitment of myeloid-lineage cells. Cancers (Basel). 2020;12(8):2083. doi: 10.3390/cancers12082083</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kuziel G., Thompson V., D’Amato J.V., Arendt L.M. Stromal CCL2 signaling promotes mammary tumor fibrosis through recruitment of myeloid-lineage cells // Cancers (Basel). 2020. Vol. 12, N. 8. P. 2083. doi: 10.3390/cancers12082083</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B51"><label>51.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cho HR, Kumari N, Thi Vu H, et al. Increased antiangiogenic effect by blocking CCL2-dependent macrophages in a rodent glioblastoma model: correlation study with dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion MRI. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):11085. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-47438-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cho H.R., Kumari N., Thi Vu H., et al. Increased antiangiogenic effect by blocking CCL2-dependent macrophages in a rodent glioblastoma model: correlation study with dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion MRI // Sci Rep. 2019. Vol. 9, N. 1. P. 11085. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-47438-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list></back></article>
