Genes & CellsGenes & CellsГены и КлеткиGenes and Cells2313-18292500-2562Human Stem Cells Institute31219810.23868/gc312198ReviewsНаучные обзорыReview ArticleMethods for assessing the viability of cells cultured in vitro in 2D and 3D structuresМетоды оценки жизнеспособности клеток, культивируемых in vitro в 2D- и 3D-структурахhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3428-75864825-5440EremeevArtem V.ЕремеевАртём Валерьевич
Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Biol.)

канд. биол. наук

art-eremeev@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8967-2318PikinaArina S.ПикинаАрина Сергеевна
Russian Federation
arina.pikina@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-9266-2065VladimirovaTatyana V.ВладимироваТатьяна Викторовна
Russian Federation
tat.vlad24@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1549-19848093-8009BogomazovaAlexandra N.БогомазоваАлександра Никитична
Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Biol.)

канд. биол. наук

abogomazova@rcpcm.orgLopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological AgencyФедеральный научно-клинический центр физико-химической медицины имени академика Ю.М. Лопухина Федерального медико-биологического агентства России11042023280520231815210503202327032023Copyright ©; 2023, Eremeev A.V., Pikina A.S., Vladimirova T.V., Bogomazova A.N.Copyright ©; 2023, Еремеев А.В., Пикина А.С., Владимирова Т.В., Богомазова А.Н.2023Eremeev A.V., Pikina A.S., Vladimirova T.V., Bogomazova A.N.Еремеев А.В., Пикина А.С., Владимирова Т.В., Богомазова А.Н.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/https://genescells.ru/2313-1829/article/view/312198

Over the past decades, cell viability tests have been an essential research tool in cell biology, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. Assessment of cell viability is mandatory in the production and quality control of cell products for biomedical applications.

Methods of viability assessment can be broadly classified according to the underlying mechanism and how the results obtained are evaluated. This article presents variants of the most commonly used tests and protocols for assessing cell viability. Their advantages and disadvantages are presented, which should be considered when planning experiments, e.g., when developing cell preparations for regenerative medicine.

The authors point out the main factors influencing the choice of viability assessment method: efficiency, speed, safety, reproducibility, sample integrity, compatibility with biomaterial, and cell line type. Finally, the authors discuss separately cell viability tests that can be applied not only to 2D cell structures but also to 3D cell structures, which have recently become widespread due to more accurate modeling of biological processes.

На протяжении последних десятилетий методы оценки жизнеспособности клеток являются важным исследовательским инструментом в клеточной биологии, тканевой инженерии и регенеративной медицине. Кроме того, оценка жизнеспособности клеток обязательна при производстве и контроле качества клеточных продуктов для биомедицинских нужд.

Методы оценки жизнеспособности клеток можно широко классифицировать по механизму, лежащему в их основе, а также по способу оценки полученных результатов. Представлены варианты наиболее часто используемых тестов и протоколов для оценки жизнеспособности клеток. Приведены их преимущества и недостатки, которые необходимо учитывать при планировании экспериментов, например, при разработке клеточных препаратов для регенеративной медицины.

Показаны основные факторы, влияющие на выбор метода оценки жизнеспособности клеток: эффективность, быстрота исполнения, безопасность, воспроизводимость, сохранность/целостность образца, совместимость протокола исследования с биоматериалом и типом клеточной линии. Отдельно рассмотрены тесты, которые можно применять не только для 2D-клеточных структур, но и для 3D-клеточных конструкций, получивших в последнее время широкое распространение благодаря более точному моделированию биологических процессов.

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