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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Genes &amp; Cells</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Genes &amp; Cells</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Гены и Клетки</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Genes and Cells</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-1829</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2500-2562</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Human Stem Cells Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">278906</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23868/gc278906</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Biochemical indicators of sperm plasma and morphofunctional features of spermatozoa in HIV-infected men</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Биохимические показатели спермоплазмы и морфофункциональные особенности сперматозоидов у ВИЧ-инфицированных мужчин</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3811-3807</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9729-6496</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Starikova</surname><given-names>Tatyana V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Старикова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>stv1591@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5770-0961</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pervova</surname><given-names>Yuliya V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Первова</surname><given-names>Юлия Валерьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>sno1911@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shafranskiy</surname><given-names>Igor  E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шафранский</surname><given-names>Игорь  Евгеньевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>Ishafran77@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Samara State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Самарский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Medical University "Reaviz"</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Медицинский университет «Реавиз»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-04-17" publication-format="electronic"><day>17</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-05-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>61</fpage><lpage>67</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-02-24"><day>24</day><month>02</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-03-09"><day>09</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-05-28"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://genescells.ru/2313-1829/article/view/278906">https://genescells.ru/2313-1829/article/view/278906</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>BACKGROUND</italic></bold><italic>: </italic>The problem of male infertility particularly affects men with HIV infections, as semen volume and sperm motility are reduced by highly active antiretroviral therapy.</p> <p><bold><italic>AIM</italic></bold><italic>: </italic>To analyze the metabolic parameters of spermatozoa, spermograms and spermatozoa morphology in HIV-infected men.</p> <p><bold><italic>MATERIALS AND METODS</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> The study included 47 patients (aged 25–46 years) who were under observation at the clinic of Professor M.A. Florova (Samara). 2 groups were formed: main (<italic>n</italic>=22) — HIV-infected patients who want to have children (with an undetectable viral load (40–50 copies/ml) and taking antiretroviral therapy); control (<italic>n</italic>=25) — clinically healthy men with one child. The material was taken and the ejaculate was examined according to standardized methods proposed by WHO experts.</p> <p><bold><italic>RESULTS</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> In HIV-infected men, spermatozoa motility was low (the number of progressively motile spermatozoa was 28.50±3.72%), the spermatozoa concentration was two times lower compared to the control group of men, the morphological characteristics of spermatozoa were significantly worse than in the control group: most often pathology of the head (21.75±1.10%) and neck of the spermatozoon (22.30±1.18%) was detected, which negatively affects the fertilizing ability.</p> <p>In HIV-infected men, changes in metabolic metabolism were noted: the activity of creatine phosphokinase in both sperm plasma (661.95±1.08 U/l) and blood plasma (76.90±1.09 U/l) was lower, than in the control group (844.25±0.13 and 79.50±1.37 U/l, respectively), the glucose concentration (8.07±1.14 mmol/l) was 2 times higher than in the control group (3.06±1.09 mmol/l), the concentration of calcium 6.53±0.01 and sodium (119.20±1.23 mol/l) slightly exceeded those in the group of healthy patients (5.55±0.08 and 116.85±0.01 mol/l, respectively). Electron microscopic analysis revealed fragmentation of sperm DNA: the highest percentage of sperm with fragmented DNA was found in men with HIV infection (more than 23%).</p> <p><bold><italic>CONCLUSION</italic></bold><italic>: </italic>It was revealed that in vivo fertilization in HIV-infected men is impossible in most cases. The study forms the basis for a future comprehensive assessment of the state of reproductive function in HIV-infected men to assess their fertility and the need for assisted reproductive technologies.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование</bold>. Проблема мужского бесплодия особенно затрагивает мужчин с ВИЧ-инфекцией, так как объём спермы и подвижность сперматозоидов снижаются при высокоактивной антиретровирусной терапии.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> — анализ метаболических показателей спермоплазмы, спермограммы и морфологии сперматозоидов у ВИЧ-инфицированных мужчин.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. В исследование включили 47 пациентов (возраст — 25–46 лет), находившихся под наблюдением в клинике профессора М.А. Флоровой (Самара). Сформированы 2 группы: основная (<italic>n</italic>=22) — ВИЧ-инфицированные пациенты, желающие иметь детей, с неопределяемой вирусной нагрузкой (40–50 копий/мл) и принимающие антиретровирусную терапию; контроль (<italic>n</italic>=25) — клинически здоровые мужчины, имеющие одного ребёнка. Взятие материала и исследование эякулята проводили согласно стандартизованным методикам, предложенным экспертами ВОЗ.</p> <p><bold>Результаты</bold>. У ВИЧ-инфицированных мужчин подвижность сперматозоидов оказалась низкой (количество прогрессивно-подвижных сперматозоидов — 28,50±3,72%), концентрация сперматозоидов — в два раза ниже по сравнению с контрольной группой, а морфологические характеристики их — значительно хуже, чем в контроле: чаще всего выявлялась патология головки (21,75±1,10%) и шейки сперматозоида (22,30±1,18%), что отрицательно сказывается на оплодотворяющей способности.</p> <p>У ВИЧ-инфицированных мужчин отмечены изменения в метаболическом обмене: активность креатинфосфокиназы как в спермоплазме (661,95±1,08 Ед/л), так и в плазме крови (76,90±1,09 Ед/л) — ниже, чем в контрольной группе (844,25±0,13 и 79,50±1,37 Ед/л соответственно), концентрация глюкозы (8,07±1,14 ммоль/л) — в 2 раза выше, чем в контрольной группе (3,06±1,09 ммоль/л), концентрации кальция (6,53±0,01 моль/л) и натрия (119,20±1,23 моль/л) незначительно превышали показатели в группе здоровых пациентов (5,55±0,08 и 116,85±0,01 моль/л соответственно). При электронно-микроскопическом анализе обнаружена фрагментация ДНК сперматозоидов, причём наибольший процент сперматозоидов с фрагментированной ДНК выявлен у мужчин с ВИЧ-инфекцией (более 23%).</p> <p><bold>Заключение</bold>. Выявлено, что у в естественных условиях у ВИЧ-инфицированных мужчин оплодотворение в большинстве случаев невозможно. Исследование формирует основу для будущей комплексной оценки состояния репродуктивной функции у ВИЧ-инфицированных мужчин для оценки их фертильности и необходимости применения вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>male infertility</kwd><kwd>HIV infection</kwd><kwd>sperm cells</kwd><kwd>morphological characteristics of cells</kwd><kwd>fertility</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мужское бесплодие</kwd><kwd>ВИЧ-инфекция</kwd><kwd>сперматозоиды</kwd><kwd>морфологические характеристики клеток</kwd><kwd>фертильность</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://apps.who.int/ [Internet]. WHO laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen, 5th ed. World Health Organization; 2010. 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