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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Genes &amp; Cells</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Genes &amp; Cells</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Гены и Клетки</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Genes and Cells</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-1829</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2500-2562</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Human Stem Cells Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">133630</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23868/gc133630</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Clinical experience</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клинический опыт</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The use of umbilical cord blood during allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in children with malignant and non-malignant diseases of the blood system</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Использование пуповинной крови при проведении аллогенной трансплантации гемопоэтических клеток у детей со злокачественными и незлокачественными заболеваниями системы крови</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Trakhtman</surname><given-names>P. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трахтман</surname><given-names>П. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>redaktor@celltranspl.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Balashov</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балашов</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>redaktor@celltranspl.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchipitsyna</surname><given-names>I. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щипицына</surname><given-names>И. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>redaktor@celltranspl.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Blagonravova</surname><given-names>O. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Благонравова</surname><given-names>О. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>redaktor@celltranspl.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dyshleva</surname><given-names>Z. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дышлевая</surname><given-names>З. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>redaktor@celltranspl.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Skorobogatova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скоробогатова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>redaktor@celltranspl.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kournikova</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курникова</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>redaktor@celltranspl.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maschan</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масчан</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>redaktor@celltranspl.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rumyantsev</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Румянцев</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>redaktor@celltranspl.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">FNCC of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФНКЦ детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии МЗиСР РФ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2006-01-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>01</month><year>2006</year></pub-date><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>80</fpage><lpage>83</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-01-23"><day>23</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-01-23"><day>23</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://genescells.ru/2313-1829/article/view/133630">https://genescells.ru/2313-1829/article/view/133630</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation [HSCT] is currently a generally accepted method of treating a significant number of oncological and non-malignant diseases. Every year the number of HSCs is increasing, and the list of pathologies that can be cured using this technique is also growing. Unfortunately, the probability of detecting an HLA-compatible related donor in the standard population does not exceed 25-30%. Despite the fact that the number of potential voluntary bone marrow donors included in international registries currently exceeds 9 million people, the probability of finding an HLA-identical unrelated donor for a patient belonging to the Caucasian race is 50-80%, while the time required for unrelated transplantation often exceeds 3-4 months [1]. To date, the level of early mortality in recipients of allogeneic HSCT is unacceptably high, which is associated with both the visceral toxicity of therapy [idiopathic pneumonitis, veno-occlusive liver disease] and with a variety of infections developing as a result of severe immunosuppression. In addition, allogeneic transplantation [primarily unrelated] is associated with a significant probability of developing a severe acute "graft-versus-host reaction" [oRTPH], which is the main cause of death of patients after HSCT.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Аллогенная трансплантация гемопоэтических стволовых клеток [ТГСК] в настоящее время является общепринятым методом лечения значительного количества онкологических и незлокачественных заболеваний. С каждым годом число проводимых ТГСК увеличивается, также растет и перечень патологий, поддающихся излечению с помощью данной методики. К сожалению, вероятность обнаружения HLA-coвместимого родственного донора в стандартной популяции не превышает 25-30%. Несмотря на то, что число потенциальных добровольных доноров костного мозга, включенных в международные регистры, в настоящее время превышает 9 млн человек, вероятность нахождения HLA-идентичного неродственного донора для пациента, принадлежащего к европеоидной расе, составляет 50-80%, при этом срок, необходимый для проведения неродственной трансплантации, нередко превышает 3-4 месяца [1]. До настоящего времени уровень ранней летальности у реципиентов аллогенной ТГСК неприемлемо высок, что связано как с висцеральной токсичностью терапии [идиопатический пневмонит, веноокклюзивная болезнь печени], таки с разнообразными инфекциями, развивающимися в результате тяжелой иммуносупрессии. Кроме того, проведение аллогенной трансплантации [в первую очередь - неродственной] ассоциировано со значительной вероятностью развития тяжелой острой «реакции трансплантат-против-хозяина» [оРТПХ], являющейся основной причиной гибели больных после проведения ТГСК.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cord blood</kwd><kwd>hematopoietic stem cells</kwd><kwd>transplantation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пуповинная кровь</kwd><kwd>гемопоэтические стволовые клетки</kwd><kwd>трансплантация</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Armitage J. Medical progress: bone marrow transplantation. N. Eng. J. Med. 1994:330: 827-38.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Knudtzon S. In vitro growth of granulocytic colonies from circulating cells in human cord blood. 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