<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Genes &amp; Cells</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Genes &amp; Cells</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Гены и Клетки</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Genes and Cells</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-1829</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2500-2562</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Human Stem Cells Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">121983</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23868/202012009</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Effects of inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3p on neuromuscular synaptic transmission in transgenic mice with model of alzheimer's disease</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эффекты ингибирования киназы гликогенсинтазы 3р на нервно-мышечную синаптическую передачу у трансгенных мышей с моделью болезни альцгеймера</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhamedyarov</surname><given-names>M. A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухамедьяров</surname><given-names>М. А</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigoryev</surname><given-names>P. N</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гоигорьев</surname><given-names>П. Н</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ushanova</surname><given-names>E. A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ушанова</surname><given-names>Э. А</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zefirov</surname><given-names>A. L</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зефиров</surname><given-names>А. Л</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-12-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 15, NO4 (2020)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 15, №4 (2020)</issue-title><fpage>57</fpage><lpage>60</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-01-16"><day>16</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://genescells.ru/2313-1829/article/view/121983">https://genescells.ru/2313-1829/article/view/121983</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Alzheimer's disease is the most common neurodegenera-tive disease. Synaptic dysfunction plays important role in pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Recently, glycogen synthase kinase 3 has been considered as a potential target for therapy of Alzheimer's disease, since the activity of this enzyme, which regulates many cellular and synaptic functions, is impaired in this pathology. In this paper, we studied the effects of inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3p on the parameters of the peripheral (neuromuscular) synapse functioning in the Alzheimer's disease model in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. In electrophysiological experiments on the diaphragm of APP/PS1 of mice, application of the glycogen synthase kinase 3p inhibitor AR-A014418 (1 pM) did not cause significant changes in the parameters of spontaneous and evoked neurotransmitter release, as well as in the dynamics of the amplitude of the end-plate potentials during high-frequency stimulation. In fluorescent experiments using the dye FM 1-43, it was found that the application of AR-A014418 (1 pM) does not significantly change the intensity of endocytosis, but causes moderate enhancement of exocytosis of synaptic vesicles during high-frequency stimulation. Enhancement of synaptic vesicle exocytosis due to inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3p may alleviate neuromuscular synaptic dysfunction in APP/PS1 mice. The obtained results can be used in studies aimed to development of therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer's disease.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Болезнь Альцгеймера является самым распространенным нейродегенеративным заболеванием. Важную роль в патогенезе болезни Альцгеймера играет синаптическая дисфункция. В качестве потенциальной мишени для терапии болезни Альцгеймера в последнее время рассматривается киназа гл-когенсинтазы 3р, поскольку активность данного фермента, регулирующего многие клеточные и синаптические функции, нарушена при болезни Альцгеймера. Цель работы: изучение эффектов ингибирования киназы гликогенсинтазы 3р на нервно-мышечную синаптическую передачу в модели болезни Альцгеймера на APP/PS1 трансгенных мышах. В электрофизиологических экспериментах на диафрагме APP/PS1 мышей аппликация ингибитора киназы гликогенсинтазы 3р AR-A014418 (1 рМ) не вызывала значимых изменений параметров спонтанной и вызванной секреции нейромедиатора, а также динамики амплитуды потенциалов концевой пластинки при высокочастотной стимуляции. В экспериментах с применением флуоресцентного красителя FM 1-43 было установлено, что аппликация AR-A014418 (1 рМ) не оказывает достоверного изменения интенсивности эндоцитоза, однако вызывает умеренное усиление экзоцитоза синаптических везикул при высокочастотной стимуляции. Усиление экзоцитоза синаптических везикул за счет ингибирования киназы гликогенсинтазы 3р может иметь корригирующее влияние на нервно-мышечную синаптическую дисфункцию у APP/PS1 мышей. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы в исследованиях, направленных на разработку терапевтических стратегий при болезни Альцгеймера.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>AR-A014418</kwd><kwd>neurodegenerative diseases</kwd><kwd>Alzheimer's disease</kwd><kwd>glycogen synthase kinase 3</kwd><kwd>neuromuscular synaptic transmission</kwd><kwd>AR-A014418</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нейродегенеративные заболевания</kwd><kwd>болезнь Альцгеймера</kwd><kwd>киназа гликогенсинтазы 3р</kwd><kwd>нервно-мышечная синаптическая передача</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Bae J.R., Kim S.H. Synapses in neurodegenerative diseases. BMB Rep. 2017; 50(5): 237-46.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Selkoe D.J. Alzheimer's disease is a synaptic failure. Science 2002; 298(5594): 789-91.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Querfurth H.W., LaFerla F.M. Alzheimer's disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 2010; 362(4): 329-44.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Coleman P., Federoff H., Kurlan R. A focus on the synapse for neuroprotection in Alzheimer disease and other dementias. Neurology 2004; 63(7): 1155-62.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Мухамедьяров М.А., Г. ригорьев П.Н., Ушанова Э.А. и др. Дисфункция нервно-мышечных синапсов в генетической модели болезни Альцгеймера. Бюллетень экспериментальной биологии и медицины 2018; 165(5): 614-9.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Llorens-Maritin M., Jurado J., Hernandez F. et al. GSK-3β, a pivotal kinase in Alzheimer disease. Front. Mol. Neurosci. 2014; 7: 46.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Leroy K., Yilmaz Z., Brion J.P. Increased Level of Active GSK-3beta in Alzheimer's Disease and Accumulation in Argyrophilic Grains and in Neurones at Different Stages of Neurofibrillary Degeneration. Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol. 2007; 33(1): 43-55.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Shiurba R.A., Ishiguro K., Takahashi M. et al. Immunocytochemistry of Tau Phosphoserine 413 and Tau Protein Kinase I. in Alzheimer Pathology. Brain Res. 1996; 737(1-2): 119-32.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Dionisio P.A., Amaral J.D., Ribeiro M.F. et al. Amyloid-β Pathology Is Attenuated by Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Treatment in APP/PS1 Mice After Disease Onset. Neurobiol. Aging 2015; 36(1): 228-40.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Aplin A.E., Gibb G.M., Jacobsen J.S. et al. In Vitro Phosphorylation of the Cytoplasmic Domain of the Amyloid Precursor Protein by Glycogen Synthase kinase-3beta. J. Neurochem. 1996; 67(2): 699-707.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Durairajan S.S.K., Liu L.F., Lu J.H. et al. Berberine Ameliorates β-amyloid Pathology, Gliosis, and Cognitive Impairment in an Alzheimer's Disease Transgenic Mouse Model. Neurobiol. Aging 2012; 33(12): 2903-19.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Eldar-Finkelman H., Martinez A. GSK-3 Inhibitors: Preclinical and Clinical Focus on CNS. Front. Mol. Neurosci. 2011; 4: 32.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Rizzoli S.O., Richards D.A., Betz W.J. Monitoring Synaptic Vesicle Recycling in Frog Motor Nerve Terminals With FM Dyes. J. Neurocytol. 2003; 32(5-8): 539-49.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Zefirov A.L., Abdrakhamanov M.M., Mukhamedyarov M.A. et al. The role of extracellular calcium in exo- and endocytosis of synaptic vesicles at the frog motor nerve terminals. Neuroscience 2006; 143(4): 905-10.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Medina M., Avila J. Understanding the Relationship Between GSK-3 and Alzheimer's Disease: A Focus on How GSK-3 Can Modulate Synaptic Plasticity Processes. Expert Rev. Neurother. 2013; 13(5): 495-503.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
