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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Genes &amp; Cells</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Genes &amp; Cells</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Гены и Клетки</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Genes and Cells</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-1829</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2500-2562</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Human Stem Cells Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">121974</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23868/202110007</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Analysis of the features of neurofibromatosis type 1 in the Republic of Bashkortostan</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анализ особенностей нейрофиброматоза 1 типа в Республике Башкортостан</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mustafin</surname><given-names>R. N</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мустафин</surname><given-names>Р. Н</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Valiev</surname><given-names>R. R</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Валиев</surname><given-names>Р. Р</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bermisheva</surname><given-names>M. A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бермишева</surname><given-names>М. А</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khusnutdinova</surname><given-names>E. K</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хуснутдинова</surname><given-names>Э. К</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Bashkir State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Bashkir State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Башкирский государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics - Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биохимии и генетики Уфимского федерального исследовательского центра РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-09-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 16, NO3 (2021)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 16, №3 (2021)</issue-title><fpage>56</fpage><lpage>62</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-01-16"><day>16</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2024-09-15"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://genescells.ru/2313-1829/article/view/121974">https://genescells.ru/2313-1829/article/view/121974</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant hereditary tumor syndrome that occurs on average with a frequency of 1: 3000 people. Clinical features of NF1 include cafe-au-lait macules on the skin, multiple cutaneous, subcutaneous, and plexi-form neurofibromas, Lisch nodules, and optic gliomas. The disease is also characterized by damage to the musculoskeletal system, impaired intelligence and behavior. The cause of the disease is germinal mutations in the NF1 gene, which encodes the oncosuppressor neurofibromin. NF1 is characterized by pronounced polymorphism of clinical manifestations, from erased to severe, without geno-phenotypic correlations. Therefore, the role of modifier genes in the pathogenesis of NF1 is assumed. We carried out a clinical-epidemiological and molecular-genetic study of patients with NF1 from the Republic of Bashkortostan (RB). We searched for intragenic mutations by sequencing 57 exons of the NF1 gene, and identified deletions of the entire gene using microsatellite analysis. The prevalence of NF1 in RB is 10 per 100 000. We identified 14 intragenic mutations in the NF1 gene in 20 patients with NF1 and 2 extended deletion of NF1 gene in 3 patients from 2 unrelated families. We did not find a correlation between the type of mutation and the characteristics of the clinical manifestations of the disease. To determine the possible influence of modifier genes on pathogenesis of NF1, we carried out a comparative analysis of the clinical manifestations of NF1 depending on inheritance, ethnicity and association of systemic manifestations. Among the clinical manifestations of NF1 in RB, there was a low frequency of optic nerve gliomas (5,25%) and plexiform neurofibromas (5%). The incidence of brain cysts was 4,25% among patients with NF1. We identified 9 mutations for the first time in the world, 5 out of 14 identified mutations are known (c.2806A&gt;T, c.2991-1G&gt;C, c.3158C&gt;G, c.4537C&gt;T, c.6792C&gt;A). The distribution of mutation types turned out to be random. We identified a protective role of crossbreeding for the development of severe manifestations of NF1. We determined a high incidence of scoliosis, short stature, facial dysmorphism and chest deformity in the inheritance of NF1 from the mother, which suggests the influence of modifier genes on the pathogenesis of NF1.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Нейрофиброматоз 1 типа - аутосомно-доминатный наследственный опухолевый синдром, встречающийся в среднем с частотой 1:3000 человек. Клиническими признаками заболевания являются пятна цвета кофе с молоком на коже, множественные кожные, подкожные и плексиформные нейрофибромы, узелки Лиша, глиомы зрительных нервов, поражение опорно-двигательной системы, нарушения интеллекта и поведения. Причина болезни - герминативные мутации в гене NF1, кодирующем онкосупрессор нейрофибромин. Нейрофиброматоз 1 типа характеризуется выраженным полиморфизмом клинических проявлений, от стертых до тяжелых форм без гено-фенотипических корреляций, поэтому вероятна роль генов-модификаторов в основе патогенеза болезни и развития системных нарушений. Цель исследования: изучение эпидемиологических, клинических и молекулярно-генетических особенностей нейро-фиброматоза 1 типа у пациентов ГБУЗ «республиканский медико-генетический центр», проживающих в республике Башкортостан, и установление возможных гено-фенотипиче-ских корреляций. Для обнаружения внутригенных мутаций в гене NF1 проведено секвенирование 57 экзонов гена, для идентификации делеции всего гена - микросателлитный анализ. распространенность болезни в республике Башкортостан составила 10 на 100000 населения. Выявлено 14 внутригенных мутаций в гене NF1 у 20 пациентов и 2 протяженные делеции гена у 3 больных из 2 неродственных семей. Корреляции между типом мутации и особенностями клинических проявлений не установлено. Для определения возможного влияния генов-модификаторов на патогенез заболевания проведен сравнительный анализ клинических проявлений болезни в зависимости от наследования, этнической принадлежности и взаимосвязи скелетных аномалий с выраженностью других проявлений болезни. При анализе клинических проявлений нейрофиброматоза 1 типа глиомы зрительных нервов диагностированы у 5,25% больных, плексиформные нейрофибромы у 5%, кисты головного мозга у 4,25%. Из 14 выявленных нами мутаций 5 описаны ранее в научных публикациях (c.2806A&gt;T, a2991-1G&gt;C, c.3158C&gt;G, с.45370т, с.6792С&gt;A), 9 мутаций обнаружены нами впервые в мире. описаны различные типы мутаций со случайным распределением. Выявлена протективная роль метисации в развитии тяжелых проявлений нейрофиброматоза. обнаружена большая частота встречаемости сколиоза, низкого роста, дизморфизма лица и деформации грудной клетки при наследовании мутации от матери, что позволяет предположить влияние генов-модификаторов на развитие данных проявлений болезни.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>modifier genes</kwd><kwd>brain cysts</kwd><kwd>NF1 gene mutations</kwd><kwd>neurofibromatosis type 1</kwd><kwd>tumors</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гены-модификаторы</kwd><kwd>киста головного мозга</kwd><kwd>мутации в гене NF1</kwd><kwd>нейрофиброматоз 1 типа</kwd><kwd>опухоли</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Gutmann D.H., Ferner R.E., Listernick R.H. et al. Neurofibromatosis type 1. Nat. Rev. Dis. 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