Genes & CellsGenes & CellsГены и КлеткиGenes and Cells2313-18292500-2562Human Stem Cells Institute12159510.23868/gc121595ArticlesСтатьиReview ArticleApplication of cell and tissue cultures for potential anti-cancer/oncology drugs screening in vitroПрименение культур клеток и тканей для скрининга противоопухолевых препаратов in vitroMingaleevaR. NМингалееваР. НSolovievaV. VСоловьеваВ. ВBlattN. LБлаттН. ЛRizvanovA. AРизвановА. АKazan Federal University, Kazan, RussiaКазанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет, Казань1508201382VOL 8, NO2 (2013)ТОМ 8, №2 (2013)202811012023Copyright ©; 2013, Eco-VectorCopyright ©; 2013, Эко-Вектор2013Eco-VectorЭко-Векторhttps://genescells.ru/2313-1829/article/view/121595

Ne of the reasons for the failure of potential anticancer drugs in clinical trials is the imperfection of existing preclinical screening systems. Perhaps the most important step is in vitro testing during which several substances with certain properties should be selected from a large number of substances. An effective system of screening should closely resemble the organization of naturally occurring tumors. Cell cultures are the most simple from technical point of view in vitro models of tumors. However, in many respects cell cultures different from natural tumors. Several models which are more accurately (compared to simple monolayer cultures) emulate the tumor and its microenvironment are developed. An example is three-dimensional cultures. Furthermore, additional methods of anticancer drugs testing are developed based on tissue slice cultures. This review describes current in vitro models which can be used to test the activity of potential drugs for use in treating of oncological diseases.

Одной из причин провала потенциальных противоопухолевых препаратов на стадии клинических исследований является несовершенство существующих систем доклинического скрининга. Возможно, наиболее важна стадия тестирования in vitro, когда из множества веществ необходимо отобрать всего несколько, отвечающих заданным свойствам. Эффективная система скрининга должна быть максимально приближена по свойствам и по организации к естественной опухоли. Клеточные культуры были и остаются наиболее простыми в техническом исполнении in vitro моделями опухолей. Однако по многим параметрам культуры клеток отличаются от естественных опухолей. Разработано несколько моделей, которые позволяют более полно имитировать опухоль и ее микроокружение, по сравнению с простыми монослойными культурами. Примером могут служить трехмерные культуры. Кроме того, развиваются гистологические методы тестирования противоопухолевых препаратов. В данном обзоре изложены современные in vitro модели, которые могут быть использованы для проверки активности потенциальных лекарственных веществ, способных подавлять рост опухолевых клеток.

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