Genes & CellsGenes & CellsГены и КлеткиGenes and Cells2313-18292500-2562Human Stem Cells Institute12153910.23868/gc121539ArticlesСтатьиRol' bazal'nykh kletok obonyatel'nogo epiteliya v neyrogenezeРоль базальных клеток обонятельного эпителия в нейрогенезеObukhovaL MОбуховаЛ М

Нижегородская государственная медицинская академия

ObuhovaLM@yandex.ruMukhinaI VМухинаИ В

Нижегородская государственная медицинская академия

Нижегородская государственная медицинская академия1503201161NO1 (2011)№1 (2011)495411012023Copyright ©; 2011, Eco-VectorCopyright ©; 2011, Эко-Вектор2011Eco-VectorЭко-Векторhttps://genescells.ru/2313-1829/article/view/121539

Обонятельная слизистая оболочка является оптимальным источником аутологичных нейральных стволовых клеток для трансплантации при повреждениях и дегенеративных заболеваниях ЦНС. В качестве возможных кандидатов для заместительной терапии рассмотрены обкладочные нейроэпителиальные, горизонтальные и шаровидные базальные клетки. Обкладочные нейроэпителиальные клетки способствуют аксональной регенерации нейронов и ремиелинизации аксонов, но не относятся к стволовым. Горизонтальные и шаровидные базальные клетки являются единственными мультипотентными прогениторами обонятельного эпителия. Они способствуют возобновлению нейрональных и не нейрональных клеток, как в норме, так и при восстановлении после травмы нервной ткани. Имеются экспериментальные данные и о существовании мезенхимоподобных стволовых/прогениторных клеток в базальной мембране обонятельной слизистой. Нейральные клетки взрослого обонятельного эпителия способны дифференцироваться в нейрональном и глиальном направлении, причем из них возможно получение нейронов различного типа.

аутологичные нейральные стволовые клеткимультипотентные клеткипрогениторыобонятельный эпителийгоризонтальные базальные клеткишаровидные базальные клеткиобкладочные нейроэпителиальные клеткиLima C., Pratas-Vital J., Escada P. et al. Olfactory mucosa autografts in human spinal cord injury: A pilot clinical study. J. Spinal Cord Med. 2006; 29(3): 191-203.Richter M., W. Roskams A.J. Olfactory unsheathing cell transplantation following spinal cord injury: hype or hope? Exp. Neurol. 2008; 209(2): 353-67.Steward O., Sharp K., Selvan G. et al. A reassessment of the consequences of delayed transplantation of olfactory lamina propria following complete spinal cord transection in rats. Exp. Neurol. 2006; 198(2): 483-99.Lopez-Vales R., Fores J., Navarro X. et al. Chronic transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells promotes partial recovery after complete spinal cord transection in the rat. Glia 2007; 55(3): 303-11.Murrell W., Wetzig A., Donnellan M. et al. Olfactory mucosa is a potential source for autologous stem cell therapy for parkinson's disease. Stem cells 2008; 26(8): 2183-92.Chen X., Fang H., Schwob J.E. Multipotency of purified, transplanted globose basal cells in olfactory epithelium. J. Compar. Neurol. 2004; 69(4): 457-74.Calof A.L, Bonnin A., Crocker C. et al. Progenitor cells of the olfactory receptor neuron lineage. Microsc. Res. Tech. 2002; 58(3): 176-88.Beites C.L., Kawauchi S., Crocker C.E. et al. Identification and molecular regulation of neural stem cells in the olfactory epithelium. Exp. Cell Res. 2005; 306(2): 309-16.Graziadei P.P., Graziadei G.A. Neurogenesis and neuron regeneration in the olfactory system of mammals. I. Morphological aspects of differentiation and structural organization of the olfactory sensory neurons. J. Neurocytol. 1979; 8(1): 1-18.Schwob J. E. Neural regeneration and the peripheral olfactory system. Anat. Record. 2002; 269(1): 33-49.Alvarez-Buylla A., Garcia-Verdugo J.M., Tramontin A.D. A unified hypothesis on the lineage of neural stem cells. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2001; 2(4): 287-93.Gage F.H. Mammalian neural stem cells. Science 2000; 287: 1433-8.Kempermann G., Kuhn H.G., Gage F.H. Genetic influence on neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of adult mice. PNAS USA. 1997; 94(19): 10409-14.Roisen F.J., Klueber K.M., Lu C.L. et al. Adult human olfactory stem cells. Brain Research 2001; 890(1): 11-22.Duggan C.D., Ngai J. Scent of a stem cell. Nat. Neurosci. 2007; 10(6): 673-4.Purves D., Augustine G.J., Fitzpatrick D. et al. Neuroscience. 2nd ed. Sunderland (MA): Sinauer Associates; 2001.Menco B.P., Jackson J.E. A banded topography in the developing rats olfactory epithelial surface. J. Comp. Neurol. 1997; 388(2): 293-306.Mackay-Sim A., Kittel P.W. On the life span of olfactory receptor neurons. Eur. J. Neurosci. 1990; 3(3): 209-15.Hind J.P., Hind P.L., Mcnelly N.A. An autoradiographic study of the mouse olfactory epithelium: evidence for long-lived receptors. Anat. Res. 1984; 210(2): 375-83.Alves F. R.; Santos T. C.; Freiberger S. et al. The dynamic of precursor of the olfactory epithelium of mongrel dogs: an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study. Pesq. Vet. Bras. 2007; 27(9): 388-92.Alves F.R.; Guerra R.R.; Fioretto E.T. et al. Establishment of a protocol for obtention of neuronal stem cells lineages from the dog olfactory epithelium. Pesq. Vet. 2010; 30(4): 155-61.Murrell W., Feron F., Wetzig A. et all. Multipotent stem cells from adult olfactory mucosa. Develop. Dynam. 2005; 233(2): 496-515.Richter M., Westendorf K., Roskams A.J. Culturing olfactory ensheathing cells from the mouse. In: Weiner L.P., editor. Olfactory Epithelium. Neural stem cells: methods and protocols. 2nd ed. New York: Humana Press; 2008. p. 95-102.Holbrook E.H., Szumowski K.E., Schwob J.E. An immunochemical, ultrastructural, and developmental characterization of the horizontal basal cells of rat olfactory epithelium. J. Comp. Neurol. 1995; 363(1): 129-46.Vollrath M., Altmannsberger M., Weber K. et al. An ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study of the rat olfactory system: unique properties of olfactory sensory cells. Differentiation 1985; 29(2): 243-53.Farbman A.I. Cell biology of olfaction. Cambridge (NY): Cambridge University Press; 1992.Calof A.L., Chikaraishi D.M. Analysis of neurogenesis in a mammalian neuroepithelium: proliferation and differentiation of an olfactory neuron precursor in vitro. Neuron 1989; 3(1): 115-27.Yamagishi M., Hasegawa S., Takahashi S. et al. Immunohistochemical analysis of the olfactory mucosa by use of antibodies to brain proteins and cytokeratin. Ann. Otol. Rhino. Laryngol. 1989; 98(4): 384-8.Carter L.A., Mac.Donald J.L., Roskams A.J. Olfactory horizontal basal cells demonstrate a conserved multipotent progenitor phenotype. J. Neurosci. 2004; 24(25): 5670-83.Graziadei P.P., Monti Graziadei G.A. Continuous nerve cell renewal in the olfactory system. In: Jacobsen M., editor. Development of sensory systems. Berlin: Springer; 1978. p. 55-83.Schwartz L.M., Chikaraishi D.M., Kauer J.S. Characterization of potential precursor populations in the mouse olfactory epithelium using immunocytochemistry and autoradiography. J. Neurosci. 1991; 11(11): 3556-64.Huard J.M., Schwob J.E. Cell cycle of globose basal cells in rat olfactory epithelium. Dev Dyn. 1995; 203(1): 17-26.Slack M.W. Origin of stem cells in organogenesis. Science 2008; 322(5907): 1498-501.Goldstein B.J., Schwob J.E. Analysis of the globose basal cell compartment in rat olfactory epithelium using GBC-1, a new monoclonal antibody against globose basal cells. J. Neurosci. 1996; 16(12): 4005-16.Beites C.L., Kawauchi S., Crocker C.E. et al. Identification and molecular regulation of neural stem cells in the olfactory epithelium. Exp. Cell Res. 2005; 306(2): 309-16.Gordon M.K., Mumm J.S., Davis R.A. et al. Dynamics of MASH1 expression in vitro and in vivo suggest a non-stem cell site of MASH1 action in the olfactory receptor neuron lineage. Mol. Cell Neurosci. 1995; 6: 363-79.Caggiano M., Kauer J.S., Hunter D.D. Globose basal cells are neuronal progenitors in the olfactory epithelium: a lineage analysis using a replication-incompetent retrovirus. Neuron 1994; 13(2): 339-52.Huard J.M., Youngentob S.L., Goldstein B.J. et al. Adult olfactory epithelium contains multipotent progenitors that give rise to neurons and non-neural cells. J. Comp. Neurol. 1998; 400: 469-86.Calof A.L., Mumm J.S., Rim P.C. et al. The neuronal stem cell of the olfactory epithelium. J. Neurobiol. 1998; 36(2): 190-205.Leung C.T., Coulombe P.A., Reed R.R. Contribution of olfactory neural stem cells to tissue maintenance and regeneration. Nat. Neurosci. 2007; 10(6):720-26.Iwai N., Zhou Z., Rop D.R. et al. Horizontal basal cells are multipotent progenitors in normal and injured adult olfactory epithelium. Stem cells 2008; 26(5): 1298-1306.Huard J.M., Youngentob S.L., Goldstein B.J. et al. Adult olfactory epithelium contains multipotent progenitors that give rise to neurons and non-neural cells. J. Comp. Neurol. 1998; 400 (4): 469-86.Chen X., Fang H., Schwob J.E. Multipotency of purified, transplantedglobose basal cells in olfactory epithelium. J. Comp. Neurol. 2004; 469(4): 457-74.Jang W., Youngentob S.L., Schwob J.E. Globose basal cells are required for reconstitution of olfactory epithelium after methyl bromide lesion. J. Comp. Neurol. 2003; 460(1): 123-40.Suzuki Y., Takeda M. Basal cells in the mouse olfactory epithelium during development: immunohistochemical and electron-microscopic studies. Brain Res. Dev. Brain. Res. 1993; 73(1): 107-13.Cuschieri A., Bannister L.H. The development of the olfactory mucosa in the mouse: electron microscopy. J. Anat. 1975; 119(3): 471-98.Cau E., Gradwohl G., Fode C. et al. Mash1 activates a cascade of bHLH regulators in olfactory neuron progenitors. Develop. 1997; 124(8): 1611-21.Tome M., Lindsay S.L., Riddell J.S. et al. Identification of nonepithelial multipotent cells in the embryonic olfactory mucosa. Stem Cells 2009; 27(9): 2196-208.Balmer C.W., Lamantia A.S. Noses and neurons: induction, morphogenesis, and neuronal differentiation in the peripheral olfactory pathway. Dev. Dyn. 2005; 234(3): 464-81.Murdoch B., Roskams A.J. Olfactory epithelium progenitors: insights from transgenic mice and in vitro biology. J. Mol. Histol. 2007; 38(6): 581-99.Sicard G., Feron F., Andrieu J.L. et al. Generation of neurons from a nonneuronal precursor in adult olfactory epithelium in vitro. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 1998; 855(30): 223-5Zhang X., Cai J., Klueber K.M. et al. Induction of oligodendrocytes from adult human olfactory epithelial-derived progenitors by transcription factors. Stem Cells 2005; 23(3): 442-53.Zhang J., Smith D., Yamamoto M. et al. The meninges is a source of retinoic acid for the late-developing hindbrain. J. Neurosci. 2003; 23(20): 7610-20.Bibel M., Richter J., Schrenk K. et al. Differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells into a defined neuronal lineage. Nat. Neurosci. 2004; 7(9): 1003-9.Hsieh J., Nakashima K., Kuwabara T. et al. Histone deacetylase inhibition-mediated neuronal differentiation of multipotent adult neural progenitor cells. PNAS USA. 2004; 101(47): 16659-64.Wichterle H., Lieberam I., Porter J.A. et al. Directed differentiation of embryonic stem cells into motor neurons. Cell 2002; 110(3): 385-97.Perrier A.L., Tabar V., Barberi T. et al. Derivation of midbrain dopamine neurons from human embryonic stem cells. PNAS USA. 2004; 101(34): 12543-8.Jiao J., Chen D.F. Induction of neurogenesis in nonconventional neurogenic regions of the adult central nervous system by niche astrocyte-produced signals. Stem Cells 2008; 26(5): 1221-30.Roisen F.J., Murphy R.A., Braden W.G. Dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate stimulation of colcemid-inhibited axonal elongation. Science 1972; 177(51): 809-11.Roisen F.J., Murphy R.A., Pichichero M.E. et al. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate stimulation of axonal elongation. Science 1972; 175(17): 73-4.Zhang X., Klueber K.M., Guo Z. et al. Induction of neuronal differentiation of adult human olfactory neuroepithelial-derived progenitors. Brain Research. 2006; 1073: 109-19.Magrassi L., Graziadei P.C. Lineage specification of olfactory neural precursor cells depends on continuous cell interactions. Develop. Brain Research. 1996; 96(1-2): 11-27.