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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Genes &amp; Cells</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Genes &amp; Cells</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Гены и Клетки</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Genes and Cells</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-1829</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2500-2562</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Human Stem Cells Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">120748</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23868/201808023</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Induction of capacitation of bovine spermatozoa before cryopreservation increases their viability after thawing</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Индукция капацитации бычьих сперматозоидов до криоконсервации повышает их жизнеспособность после размораживания</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Denisenko</surname><given-names>V. Yu</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Денисенко</surname><given-names>В. Ю</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmina</surname><given-names>T. I</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмина</surname><given-names>Т. И</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>prof.kouzmina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Boytseva</surname><given-names>E. N</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бойцева</surname><given-names>Е. Н</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Research Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Breeding - Branch of the L.K. Ernst Federal Science Center for Animal Husbandry</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт генетики и разведения сельскохозяйственных животных - филиал Федерального научного центра животноводства-ВИЖ имени акад. Л.К. Эрнста</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-06-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 13, NO2 (2018)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 13, №2 (2018)</issue-title><fpage>72</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-01-05"><day>05</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2018, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2018, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://genescells.ru/2313-1829/article/view/120748">https://genescells.ru/2313-1829/article/view/120748</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Cryopreservation of sperm is an important tool of reproductive biotechnology in the solving of the problems in infertility and reproduction of animals. In despite of the achievements in this field, the mechanisms that determine the cryoresistance of male gametes require further study. The damaging effect of ultralow temperatures during cryopreservation is primarily directed to the plasma membrane of spermatozoa. The purpose of this study is to analyze the viability of thawed bull spermatozoa after preventively induced capacitation with the further cryopreservation. Ejaculates of three noninbred bulls of Ayrshire and black-and-white breeds were used in the experiments. The functional state of spermatozoa was evaluated with a chlortetracycline test. Gametes were ranked in accordance with one of the three types of fluorescence of CTC-calcium-membrane complex : uniform fluorescence throughout the head (uncapacitated cells); fluorescence-free band in the post-acrosome region (capacitated cells); low fluorescence in the entire head, except for a thin bright fluorescence band in the equatorial segment (acrosome-reactive cells). The viability of spermatozoa was assessed with propidium iodide (5 |jg / ml). Capacitation was induced by heparin (5 jg / ml) or theophylline / dbcAMP (250/100 jM). It was shown that the induction of the capacitation of bull sperm by heparin, as well as theophylline /dbcAMP before cryopreservation enhances the number of viable sperm, reduces the number of capacitated cells and increases the number of sperm with acrosome reaction after thawing. In intact (without freezing) spermatozoa after induction of capacitation such effect is not revealed, the number of viable cells remained unchanged, the induction of capacitation caused an increase number of capacitated spermatozoa. The findings expand knowledge concerning the effects of extremely low temperatures on male gametes and can be used for modernization of the cryopreservation technology for increase their survival rate after thawing.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Криоконсервация спермы - важный инструмент репродуктивной биотехнологии в решении проблем бесплодия и воспроизводства животных. Несмотря на имеющиеся достижения в этой области, механизмы, детерминирующие криорезистентность мужских гамет, требуют дальнейшего изучения. Повреждающее действие сверхнизких температур при криоконсервации, прежде всего, направлено на плазматическую мембрану сперматозоидов. Цель настоящего исследования - проанализировать показатели жизнеспособности размороженных сперматозоидов быков после превентивно индуцированной капацитации с последующей криоконсервацией. В исследовании использовали эякулят от трех неинбредных быков айрширской и черно-пестрой пород. Функциональный статус сперматозоидов анализировали с помощью хлортетрациклинового теста (ХТЦ). Гаметы ранжировали в соответствии с одним из трех типов флуоресценции комплекса ХТЦ-кальциймембрана: равномерная флуоресценция по всей головке (некапацитированные клетки); свободная от флуоресценции полоса в постакросомальном районе (капацитированные клетки); низкая флуоресценция по всей головке, за исключением тонкой яркой полосы флуоресценции в экваториальном сегменте (акросома-реактивные клетки). Жизнеспособность сперматозоидов оценивали с использованием красителя пропидиума йодида (5 мкг/мл). Капацитацию индуцировали гепарином (5 мкг/мл) или теофиллином/dbcAMP (250/100 мкМ). При индукции капацитации сперматозоидов быков гепарином, а также теофиллином/dbcAMP перед криоконсервацией было показано, что после размораживания количество жизнеспособных клеток увеличивается, так же, как количество клеток на стадии акросомной реакции, а количество капацитированных клеток снижается. В интактных (без криоконсервации) сперматозоидах при индукции капацитации количество жизнеспособных клеток оставалось неизменным, а количество капацитированных клеток увеличивалось. Полученные данные расширяют представления об эффектах сверхнизких температур на мужские гаметы и могут быть использованы для модернизации технологии криоконсервации сперматозоидов быков с целью увеличения их выживаемости после размораживания.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cryopreservation</kwd><kwd>capacitation</kwd><kwd>spermatozoa</kwd><kwd>bull</kwd><kwd>viability</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>криоконсервация</kwd><kwd>капацитация</kwd><kwd>сперматозоиды</kwd><kwd>бык</kwd><kwd>жизнеспособность</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Paoli D., Lombardo F., Lenzi A. et al. Sperm cryopreservation: effects on chromatin structure. Adv. Exp. Med. 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