Genes & CellsGenes & CellsГены и КлеткиGenes and Cells2313-18292500-2562Human Stem Cells Institute12060810.23868/gc120608ArticlesСтатьиResearch ArticleGenetically modified human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells as potential stimulators of neuroregeneration in degenerative disorders of central nervous systemГенетически модифицированные мононуклеары пуповинной крови - стимуляторы нейрорегенерации при дегенеративных заболеваниях центральной нервной системыGusevaD. SГусеваД. СRizvanovA. AРизвановА. АKiyasovA. PКиясовА. ПIslamovR. RИсламовР. РKazan Federal UniversityКазанский (Приволжский) Федеральный УниверситетKazan State Medical UniversityКазанский государственный медицинский университет151020138310611205012023Copyright ©; 2013, Eco-VectorCopyright ©; 2013, Эко-Вектор2013Eco-VectorЭко-Векторhttps://genescells.ru/2313-1829/article/view/120608

Gene-cell therapy is a new step for the treatment of different human disorders including central nervous system degenerative diseases. In this review we focused on the last challenges in the field of human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells transplantation - an attempt to support neuronal cells survival and to stimulate the neuroregeneration. As a potential therapy for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases we reviewed the latest advances in gene modification of human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells as a novel tool for the effective delivery of neuroprotective factors and growth factors in the injured or degenerative areas of the central nervous system under pathological conditions. The main topic of this review is the potential therapy of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - the progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting primarily upper and lower motoneurons - by using genetically modified human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells. The results from the up-to-date experiments indicated the opportunity to obtain differentiated macrophages, endothelial cells, or astrocytes from the genetically modified human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells after their transplantation in the mouse model of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Taken together, these data build the high-capacity platform for the supporting of degenerating neurons, structural and functional recovery of the brain and spinal cord after trauma, ischemia and other neurodegenerative disorders.

Генно-клеточная терапия представляет собой новый этап в лечении пациентов с различными заболеваниями, связанными с патологией цетральной нервной системы. В данном обзоре мы рассматриваем последние достижения в области трансплантация мононуклеарных клеток пуповинной крови - наиболее доступного источника стволовых клеток - с целью повышения жизнеспособности нервных клеток и стимулирования нейрорегенерации. Как наиболее эффективная терапия для лечения нейродегенеративных заболеваний рассматривается генетическая модификация клеток пуповинной крови для оптимальной доставки нейропротекторных факторов и факторов роста в области нервной системы, подверженные дегенерации в процессе заболевания. Основным вопросом, которому посвящен данный обзор, является терапия бокового амиотрофического склероза - прогрессирующего нейродегенеративного заболевание ЦНС с выраженным поражением двигательных нейронов коры и ствола головного мозга, а также мотонейронов спинного мозга - с использованием генетически модифицированных клеток пуповинной крови. Исследования последних лет указывают на возможность дифференцировки трансплантированных модифицированных клеток пуповинной крови в макрофаги, эндотелиальные клетки или астроциты на модели бокового амиотрофического склероза у мышей, тем самым создавая мощную платформу для поддержки дегенерирующих нейронов, структурного и функционального восстановления мозга после нейротравм, ишемических инсультов и при различных нейродегенеративных заболеваниях.

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