Genes & CellsGenes & CellsГены и КлеткиGenes and Cells2313-18292500-2562Human Stem Cells Institute12056410.23868/gc120564ArticlesСтатьиReview ArticleApplication of tissue engineered constructs on the basis of cell sheets FOR RESTORATION OF TISSUES AND ORGANSПрименение тканеинженерных конструкций на основе пластов клеток для восстановления тканей и органовDergilevK. VДергилевК. ВMakarevichP. IМакаревичП. ИMenshikovM. YuМеньшиковМ. ЮParfyonovaE. VПарфёноваЕ. ВInstitute of Experimental Cardiology, Russian Cardiology Research and Production ComplexИнститут экспериментальной кардиологии Российского кардиологического научно-производственного комплекса МЗ РФ15092016113VOL 11, NO3 (2016)ТОМ 11, №3 (2016)233205012023Copyright ©; 2016, Eco-VectorCopyright ©; 2016, Эко-Вектор2016Eco-VectorЭко-Векторhttps://genescells.ru/2313-1829/article/view/120564

Cell sheet technology has certain advantages over conventionally used injections as far as it facilitates cell survival and integration after delivery of cells to intended organ/tissue. It also allows to successfully replace lost or irreversibly damaged tissues with restoration of its functions including endo/paracrine activity. Application of cell sheets has gone beyond bench work and now is under clinical translation where it is successfully used for repair of cornea, cartilage, periodontal tissue, esophageal mucosa, pancreas and thyroid gland. Further advances of cell sheet technologies allow to construct pre-vascularized tissue grafts which effects are not limited to tissue repair, but also allows to restore its function via paracrine action of transplanted cells and to ensure long-lasting therapeutic effects. Genetic modification of cells used for cell sheet construction allows to utilize this technology to treat hereditary disorders, deficit of enzymes or other secreted proteins. This review focuses on recent results of therapeutic implication of cell sheets and prospects of this field which gained much attention in regenerative medicine.

Технология трансплантации клеток в виде сформированных in vitro клеточных пластов и ее совершенствование в направлении получения васкуляризированных конструкций, состоящих из нескольких типов клеток, позволяет получить биоинженерный эквивалент ткани, который обеспечивает более высокую выживаемость и интеграцию клеток после трансплантации по сравнению с широко используемым способом трансплантации клеток в виде суспензии, вводимой инъекционно в ткани или кровоток. Тканеинженерные конструкции на основе клеточных пластов могут успешно замещать утраченную или поврежденную ткань (в том числе и эндокринную), восстанавливая ее функцию. Данная технология на основе аутогенных клеток уже применяется в клинических исследованиях для репарации роговицы, хряща, связок периодонта, слизистой пищевода и показала достаточно высокую эффективность в доклинических исследованиях для восстановления миокарда, печени, поджелудочной и щитовидной желез. Генетическая модификация клеток, из которых затем формируют клеточные пласты, дает возможность использовать эту технологию и для лечения наследственных заболеваний, связанных с недостаточной продукцией секретируемых белков, например, ферментов. В обзоре обсуждаются результаты применения технологии клеточных пластов для восстановления различных тканей и органов и перспективы ее развития для регенеративной медицины.

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