H. pylori, mikrobiota kishechnika, antibiotikorezistentnost': est' li vzaimosvyaz'?



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Abstract

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication is obligatory in case of such diseases as gastric and duodenal ulcer, atrophic gastritis, MALT lymphoma, in patients after gastrectomy due to the gastric cancer, as well as in close relatives of gastric canсer patients. Antibacterial therapy which is aimed at the eradication of H. pylori has an impact on the intestinal microbiotа leading to its qualitative and quantitative disturbances. The review focuses on the influence of H. pylori and eradication therapy on the content of the intestinal microbiota, their role in the development of intestinal microbiota resistance to antibiotics. Both H. pylori itself and eradication therapy can lead to the changes of gut microbiota content, which are characterized by reduction in microorganisms diversity; decrease in the number of obligate anaerobes, prevailing in normal gut; increase in the number of facultative aerobic microorganisms. Long-term effect of antibiotic therapy is the development of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria. Resistance may be due to the presence of the resistance genes in bacteria, which they have acquired through mutations or horizontal transfer. These genes can be spread not only among pathogenic bacteria, due to the presence of which antibacterial therapy is carried out, but also among the members of the normal microflora, which can then be modified and loose its beneficial properties. Thus the intestinal microflora may serve as a potential reservoir of resistance genes and contribute to the development of antibiotics resistance through other members of the human microbiota.

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